Grade 7 External Strand: Comprehensive Curriculum Notes for Indonesian and Mathematics
Numbers and Algebra with Advanced Example Questions
Comparing Numbers: Look at two or more numbers to see which is bigger or smaller.
Example Question: Which number is larger, 1234 or 1245?
Convert Ratio into Fractions: Changing ratios (like 2:3) into fractions (2/5 and 3/5).
Example Question: Convert the ratio 8:12 into its simplest fraction form.
Exponents and Roots: Exponents show how many times a number is multiplied. Roots find what number, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number.
Example Question: Calculate and find the cube root of 64.
HCF and LCM: HCF (Highest Common Factor) is the biggest number that divides two or more numbers. LCM (Lowest Common Multiple) is the smallest number that can be divided by two or more numbers.
Example Question: Find the HCF and LCM of 48 and 60.
Increase/Decrease Percentage: Finding how much a number goes up or down in terms of percent.
Example Question: If a laptop originally priced at $800 is discounted to $640, what is the percentage decrease in price?
Mixed Fractions: A whole number and a proper fraction combined (e.g., 1 1/2).
Example Question: Convert the mixed fraction 4 2/5 into an improper fraction.
Multiple and Factor: A multiple is what you get when you multiply a number, while a factor divides a number evenly.
Example Question: Determine the first ten multiples and all factors of 15.
Multiplication and Division of Decimals: How to multiply and divide numbers with decimal points correctly.
Example Question: Calculate 7.25 ÷ 0.5.
Number Sequences: A list of numbers that follow a rule (like +2 each time).
Example Question: What is the 10th term in the sequence 3, 6, 12, 24, …?
Prime Factorisations: Breaking a number down into its prime number components (e.g., 12 = 2 × 2 × 3).
Example Question: What is the prime factorization of 84?
Ratio: A comparison of two amounts, often noted like 2:3.
Example Question: If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:5 and there are 18 boys, how many girls are there?
Recurring Decimals: Decimals that repeat forever, like 0.333…
Example Question: Convert the recurring decimal 0.777… into a fraction.
Rounding Decimals: Making a decimal simpler by keeping certain digits and discarding others, based on value.
Example Question: Round 19.567 to three decimal places.
Significant Figures: The important digits in a number that show its precision.
Example Question: How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.004560?
Equivalent Expressions Involving Fractions: Finding different ways to write fractions that are still equal.
Example Question: What is an equivalent fraction for 3/4 that has a denominator of 16?
Expressions of Algebra: Combining letters and numbers with operations (like 3x + 4).
Example Question: Simplify the expression 4x - 5 + 2x - 3.
Factorise Algebra: Breaking down an expression into factors, like x^2 + 5x = x(x + 5).
Example Question: Factor the expression x^2 - 16.
Function Machines: Visualizing input-output relationships of equations.
Example Question: If a function machine multiplies the input by 3 and adds 2, what is the output for an input of 5?
Inequalities: Showing relationships where two values are not equal (using <, >).
Example Question: Solve the inequality 5x - 2 < 3x + 4.
Solving Equations: Finding the value for a variable that makes the equation true.
Example Question: Solve for x in the equation 4(2x - 3) = 24.
Subject of Equations: Rearranging to isolate a variable (like making y the subject in y = mx + b).
Example Question: Make y the subject of the equation 3y + 4x = 12.
A bit more advanced example questions and make it for ALL the topics