Notes: Series & Parallel Circuits (Ch 10.5–10.6)

Definition: a circuit with the components joined end-to-end, one after the other, in a single continuous loop.
Practical note: series circuits are usually easy to connect.
Fault condition: if any part of the circuit is faulty, the connecting path is broken and nothing in the circuit will work.

Definition: a circuit that has more than one path for electricity to flow through.
Fault tolerance: if one path has a break, the others will still work.
Effect of extra paths: adding extra pathways allows more current from the power supply, effectively lowering the resistance.

Brightness of a light depends on how quickly energy can flow through the globe.
- This depends on two factors:
- The amount of energy transformed by each electron as it passes through the globe (voltage across the globe).
- The number of electrons passing through the globe each second (electric current).
Power relation (implications): the power delivered to a load is given by $P = VI$ , where $V$ is the voltage across the load and $I$ is the current through it.

Series vs parallel affects how voltage and current are distributed across components, and thus brightness.
Practical exploration suggested via a video and discussion prompts on how changing arrangement changes VOLTAGE and CURRENT.