Topic 13 Questions

Answer the following questions and please save your work as a .doc file!


  1. What civilization declined as Rome rose to power?

The city of Greece

  1. According to legend, who founded Rome?  How did they establish the city?

Romulus and Remus, They chose the land ikn largely fertile soil

  1. Describe the geography of Rome.  How is it different from Greece?

Rome was built on seven rolling hills on the Tiber River. Midway between the Alp’s and Italy’s southern tip

  1. Identify the early settlement of each group on the Italian peninsula:


  1. Etruscans –skilled metal workers and engineers

  2. Greeks – established colonies along italy and Sicily, 

  3. Romans –


  1. How did the Etruscans influence the Romans (2 BIG things!)?

Alphabet and Architecture 

  1. Who was Tarquin the Proud?

The last king of Rome, a harsh tyrant

  1. What is a republic?

a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders

  1. Who made up the voting Roman citizen population?  Which other city does this remind you of…

Athens

  1. Who were the Roman plebeians?

 the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population. 

  1. Who were the Roman patricians?

the wealthy landowners who held most of the power. 

  1. What were Roman tribunes?

They protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials.

  1. What were the Twelve Tables?  Why were they so significant?

A written law code written by ten officials,  established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law

  1. When analyzing the chart on page 157, what major similarities and differences do you notice between the governments of Rome and the United States of America?

Similarities- Different branches of government

Differences- more branches of government

  1. What was the role of a Roman consul?

They commanded the army and directed the government. (with limited power)

  1. Describe the Roman senate.  

The aristocratic branch of Rome’s government. It had both legislative and administrative functions in the republic. 

  1. What role did the Tribal Assembly play in Roman politics?

They elected the tribunes and made laws for the common people—and later for the republic itself.

  1. When might Rome appoint a dictator?

In times of crisis

  1. Describe the Roman army.  Be sure to include legions!

All citizens who owned land were required to serve. 

  1. When did Rome conquer Italy?

By fourth century B.C

  1. How did the Romans treat those people whom they conquered?

They treated them with leniency

  1. Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars?

Carthage

  1. Complete the following chart on the Punic Wars:


Punic War

Dates

Highlights / Key Points

Outcome



First War


(264–241 B.C.)

for control of Sicily and the western Mediterranean

The defeat of Carthage



Second War


218 -202 B.C

Lead by 29-year-old

Carthaginian general named Hannibal. Hannibal was a brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge Carthage’s

earlier defeat. He assembled an army and surprise attacked, but the romans stood firm

the Romans finally defeated Hannibal.



Third War


149–146 B.C

Rome laid siege to Carthage. the city was set afire and its 50,000 inhabitants sold into slavery

Its territory was made a Roman province.


23.  What were the major results of the Punic Wars?

The Roman victories in the war gave them dominance over the western Mediterranean. The Romans then went on to conquer the eastern half. By about 70 B.C., Rome’s Mediterranean empire stretched from Anatolia in the east to Spain in the west.