Indian Ocean Trade Network - Summary

Definition: Network of sea routes connecting states across Afro-Eurasia through trade, in use long before 1200, expanded significantly during that time.

Collapse of Mongol Empire (14th century): Decreased safety on Silk Roads; increased focus on maritime trade.
Innovations in Commercial Practices: Development of money economies and credit systems enhanced trade efficiency.
Transportation Technology Advances:
- Enhanced navigation tools (magnetic compass, astrolabe).
- Improvement in ship designs (Chinese junk, larger Dows).
- Utilization of monsoon winds for predictable sailing routes.
Spread of Islam: Promoted trade by integrating merchant-friendly practices and enhancing connectivity along routes.

Growth of Trading Cities:
- Swahili City-States: Wealth from the trade in gold, ivory, and enslaved people; development of mosques and public works.
- Malacca: Strategic location for taxing ships; wealth accumulation and regional power expansion.
- Gujarat (India): Central trading hub exchanging cotton textiles for gold/silver; taxation contributing to wealth.
Establishment of Diaspora Communities:
- Chinese and Arab/Persian merchants formed permanent communities in Southeast Asia and East Africa, facilitating trade through cultural exchanges.
Cultural and Technological Transfers:
- Significant exchange of religion, language, and technology through interactions;
- Admiral Zheng He’s expeditions demonstrated technological prowess, influencing regional military and trade practices.