Quiz questions
Week 1
What serious underlying condition should be ruled out in adults with persistent otitis media with effusion (OME)?
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Allergic rhinitis
Chronic sinusitis
What is the likely cause of isolated AOM or transient OME in adults?
Viral URI
Allergies
Mechanical Obstruction
Bacterial Infection
Which patient is at a highest risk for developing malignant otitis externa (MOE)?
A. healthy 24-year old swimmer with bilateral otitis externa
B. A 70-year old man with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and persistent unilateral ear pain
C. A 35-year old woman with chronic allergic rhinitis and serous otitis media
D. A 16-year-old adolescent with tympanostomy tube and no systemic disease
Which cranial nerve is most commonly affected in malignant otitis externa?
CN iX (glossopharyngeal)
CN VII (facial)
CN V (trigeminal)
CN XII (hypoglossal)
Which two bacteria are the most common pathogens isolated in adult acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)?
Streptococcus pyogenes and Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
Moraxella catarrhalis & Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae
Week 2
Which of the following is most commonly associated with bradykinin-mediated angioedema?
Dermatographis
Ace inhibitor use
IgE mediated food allergy
Elevated histamine levels
Which of the following statements regarding chronic urticaria is TRUE?
It is most often caused by viral infection.
Most cases reveal laboratory abnormalities on routine testing.
Autoantibodies to IgE or its receptor can be found in some patients.
It is more common in men than in women.
What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
Intravenous diphenhydramine 25-50mg
Intramuscular epinephrine 0.3-0.5ml of 1:1000 concentration
IV Solumedrol
Inhaled albuterol and oxygen
Which of the following best supports a diagnosis of sarcoidosis in a patient with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy?
Necrotizing granulomas on biopsy
Noncaseating granulomas with exclusion of infection and malignancy
A CD4/CD8 ratio <1 in BAL fluid
Negative bronchoscopy and normal ACE level
Which of the following findings is most supportive of sarcoidosis but not diagnostic on its own?
Elevated ACE level
Endobrachial necrosis on bronchoscopy
Caseating granulomas in a mediastinal lymph node
Hypocalcemia and neutropenia
Week 3
Which of the following is the primary variable controlled in volume-controlled ventilation (VCV)?
A. Inspiratory pressure
B. Tidal volume
C. Peak inspiratory flow
D. Expiratory time
E. Plateau pressure
In pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), which of the following factors determines the tidal volume delivered?
A. Patient's weight
B. Respiratory rate
C. Lung compliance and airway resistance
D. Set FiO₂
E. PEEP level
Which of the following is the most appropriate initial ventilator setting for a 70-kg male with ARDS using lung-protective volume control ventilation?
A. Tidal volume 700 mL, RR 10, PEEP 5 cm
B. Tidal volume 420 mL, RR 20, PEEP 8 cm
C. Tidal volume 300 mL, RR 12, PEEP 0 cm
D. Tidal volume 600 mL, RR 8, PEEP 5 cm
E. Tidal volume 800 mL, RR 10, PEEP 10 cm
Which of the following is a contraindication to using BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure)?
A. Obstructive sleep apnea
B. COPD exacerbation with hypercapnia
C. Acute pulmonary edema
D. Respiratory arrest
E. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Which of the following settings on non-invasive ventilation primarily assists with alveolar recruitment and oxygenation?
A. Expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP)
B. Inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP)
C. FiO₂
D. Respiratory rate
E. Tidal volume
Week 5
Which of the following is the most common oncologic emergencyleading to acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia?
Spinal cord compression
Hyperviscosity syndrome
SIADH
Tumor lysis syndrome
A 64-year-old man with prostate cancer develops new-onset back pain, weakness in both legs, and urinary retention. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
Order an abdominal CT
Schedule outpatient neurology referral
Start IV fluids and monitor
Begin high-dose corticosteroids and obtain MRI of the spine
Which of the following best explains the mechanism behind hypercalcemia of malignancy?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by tumor cells
Tumor lysis and calcium phosphate precipitation
Increased production of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)
Decreased osteoclast activity
A patient with known small-cell lung cancer presents with confusion, seizures, and hyponatremia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
SIADH
Hepatic encephalopathy
Cerebral metastasis
Tumor lysis syndrome
A patient with acute leukemia presents with fever, hypotension, and a WBC count of 1,200/µL. What is the most important initial management step?
Transfuse platelets immediately
Wait for blood culture results
Begin high-dose corticosteroids
Start empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics
Week 6
Which of the following best distinguishes Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TENS) from Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)?
Presence of mucosal involvement
Positive Nikolsky sign
Percentage of body surface area involved
Presence of fever & malaise
A patient presents with widespread erythematous macules and mucosal erosions after starting a new anticonvulsant. Skin biopsy shows full-thickness epidermal necrosis. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
High-dose systemic corticosteroids
Immediate transfer to a burn unit or ICU
Start IV Vanco & Zosyn
Administer antihistamines and monitor
Which of the following medications is most commonly associated with triggering SJS/TENS?
Omeprazole
Acetaminophen
Lamotrigine
Metformin
A 32-year-old male suffers deep partial-thickness burns over 25% of his total body surface area (TBSA). What is the most immediate life-threatening concern in the first 24 hours post-burn?
Infection
Electrolyte imbalance
Pulmonary embolism
Hypovolemic shock
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of skin injury in SJS/TENS?
Autoimmune deposition of IgG at the basement membrane
Direct bacterial invasion of keratinocytes
Cytotoxic T-cell mediated apoptosis of keratinocytes
Overproduction of histamine by mast cells
IN-PERSON QUIZ QUESTIONS
What is Lemierre’s disease?
What causes it? Fusobacterium necrophorum
What is the Triad? Pharyngitis, neck pain, septic lateral thrombi
What causes otitis externa? Pseudomonas
Who is most likely to get it? Elderly, diabetics
What is the acute angle glaucoma triad?
Eye pain, blurred vision with halo, increased IOPWhat is diagnostic for high IOP? Diagnostic > 20 mmHg
What are the treatments? Acetazolamide, topical beta blocker, topical agonist (check these lol)
What are s/s of retinal detachment?
Shield over eyes, flashing lights, floatersWhat is first line treatment for anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine first txWhat is the hallmark sign of sarcoidosis?
Noncaseating granulomasWhat does CXR have? Hilar lymphadenopathy is hallmark
What is PEEP? Positive end expiratory pressure
What is Plateau pressure? Airway pressure after inspiratory pause
What pelvic fracture causes the most bleeding?
Open book fractureKnow the anatomical boundaries for the neck zones
What constitutes a massive hemothorax?
1500 mL dump in chest tubeWhat scans are needed for lymphoma staging? PET Scan
QUIZ QUESTION SET (CONTINUED)
IOP greater than __ in acute angle glaucoma
a. 21Acute angle closure treatment
a. Topical beta blocker
b. AcetazolamideRetinal detachment symptoms
a. Curtain or shadows over visual fields
b. Floaters
c. Flashing lightsAnaphylaxis treatment
a. EpiHallmark finding in sarcoidosis
a. Noncaseating granulomasCXR in sarcoidosis
a. Hilar lymphadenopathyPlateau pressure
a. Pressure after an inspiratory pauseOpen book pelvic fracture causes most hemorrhage
Neck zone LANDMARKS!
Initial staging of lymphoma use PET
CRAB criteria for multiple myeloma
a. Calcium elevation
b. Renal
c. Anemia
d. Bone4 lab abnormalities for tumor lysis syndrome
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hyperuremia
d. HyperphosphatemiaWhich cancer most commonly causes spinal cord compression?
a. Lung