Prelim-CharacterFormation

Character Formation

General Concepts of Character

  • The term "character" is derived from the Greek word "charassein," meaning an engraving instrument or a mark impressed upon a coin.

  • Each individual's unique mark is referred to as their characteristics (Bartemeir, 2009).

  • Character is equivalent to personality, encompassing social, emotional, and intellectual manifestations, denoted as personality.

What is Character?

  • Defined as a psychological notion that represents the habitual ways of feeling and reacting that distinguish one individual from another.

  • Describes individual personality and attributes; it signifies a pattern of behavior.

  • Character comprises relatively fixed attributes that depict a person’s characteristic pattern of behavior and personality traits.

What is Character Formation?

  • Character formation is a process as defined by Donald (2006), whereby individuals develop stable patterns of functioning, thinking, and feeling through interactions between biologically transmitted predispositions and their environment.

    • This includes internalized values and attitudes established from precognitive early life experiences (e.g., nursing, weaning, toilet training, sibling birth, early relationships).

Contributing Factors for Character Formation

  • Parental Influence

    • Most significant factor responsible for personality development, affecting mental growth.

    • Young children adopt their parents' mannerisms during their early years.

  • Home Environment

    • The home is called the cradle of character and personality, which significantly contributes to character formation.

    • Parents play a crucial educational role, providing guidance that fosters positive emotions while helping children minimize negative emotions.

    • Both parents are essential for the optimal personality development of a child.

  • School Environment

    • The second influential institution where children learn formal curriculum and hidden curriculum.

    • Interactions with peers, teachers, and compliance with institutional rules shape personality.

  • Culture

    • Diverse cultures provide various values that influence character development, leading children to absorb cultural values subconsciously.

Determining Character or Personality Types

  • Openness:

    • Appreciation for varied experiences.

  • Conscientiousness:

    • Planning ahead instead of being spontaneous.

  • Extraversion:

    • Sociability, energy, and talkativeness.

  • Agreeableness:

    • Kindness, sympathy, and willingness to help.

  • Neuroticism:

    • Tendency to worry, being vulnerable or temperamental.

Types of Characters

  1. Self-Realized Character:

    • Enthusiastic individuals who acknowledge their potential and limitations; valuable to family and society.

  2. Covetous Character:

    • Jealous or acquisitive individuals driven by greed to fulfill selfish ambitions, often crossing moral boundaries.

  3. Superstitious Character:

    • Individuals who are overly superstitious, causing unpredictability negatively affecting others.

  4. Egoistic Character:

    • Overbearing individuals who expect respect and operate under the belief that the world revolves around them; difficult to please.

  5. Anti-Social Character:

    • Individuals indifferent to societal norms and moral values, often leading lives disconnected from their communities.

  6. Insincere Character:

    • Individuals who express gratitude but lack genuine sincerity in their interactions with others.

  7. Complacent Character:

    • Confidence is necessary but can become problematic when it leads to complacency.

General Types of Characters

  1. Positive Character/Good Character/Positive Trait:

    • Attributes include integrity, honesty, courage, loyalty, and fortitude aiding good behavior.

    • Qualities of a positive character:

      • Honesty and accountability are admirable.

      • Adaptability and compatibility promote relationship management.

      • Drive and determination are essential for perseverance.

      • Compassion and understanding enhance connections.

      • Patience is a virtue and beneficial quality.

      • Courage empowers doing what is right amidst difficulty.

      • Loyalty fosters trustworthiness.

  2. Negative Character/Negative Trait:

    • Linked with predispositions towards negative behaviors, such as:

      • Lying to evade responsibility.

      • Rigidity and selfishness.

      • Laziness and constant excuses.

      • Hot-tempered behavior impairing empathy.

      • Disloyalty, gossiping, and betrayal for personal gain.

  3. Neutral Character/Neutral Trait:

    • Describes non-partisan individuals; examples include:

      • Judges remaining impartial during cases.

      • Maintaining neutrality on sensitive topics like politics and religion.

      • Boxers using neutral corners in matches as a strategy.

Negative Traits Associated with Character Formation

  • Fatalism ("bahala na" or "come what may" attitude):

    • Belief that events are predetermined; exemplified by resignation in difficult situations.

  • Manana Habit (procrastination):

    • Tendency to delay tasks, often saying, "I'll do it tomorrow."

  • Crab Mentality:

    • Jealousy-driven behavior undermining the success of others, demonstrated through workplace gossip.

  • Hypocrisy:

    • Pretending to uphold certain virtues while acting contrary, as seen in public versus private behaviors.

  • Ningas Cogon:

    • Begins tasks with enthusiasm but fails to maintain focus, e.g., hobbies started and quickly abandoned.

  • Tardiness ("Filipino time"):

    • Regularly arriving late, such as 30 minutes late for appointments.

  • Gossiping:

    • Spreading rumors or private details about others, showcasing a lack of respect.

  • Blaming:

    • Shifting responsibility onto others instead of accepting one's own mistakes.

  • Selfishness:

    • Indifference to others' needs, illustrated by actions like cutting in line.

  • Disobedience to Simple Rules:

    • Ignoring rules such as jaywalking or littering, reflecting disregard for social norms.

  • Attention Taker:

    • Constantly seeking validation or recognition, e.g., bragging about achievements.

  • Being Onion-Skinned or Too Sensitive:

    • Overreacting to light-hearted jokes or constructive criticism.

  • Living Beyond Their Means (social climbing):

    • Spending excessively to appear wealthy, often leading to financial strain.

  • Passivity (lack of initiative):

    • Waiting for others to take action; refraining from pursuing opportunities.

Well-Known Positive Traits and Attitudes of Filipinos

  1. Hospitality:

    • A long-standing valued tradition characterized by warm welcomes and ensuring guests are well-fed and comfortable.

    • Examples include offering meals and warm seats to visitors.

  2. Respect:

    • A cultural imperative observed across age groups, with specific practices including using honorifics (Po and Opo), rituals like "Pagmamano," and showing deference to authority figures.

  3. Strong Family Ties and Religiosity:

    • Deep family values creating strong bonds; family units worship together, underscoring the importance of religion in daily life.

  4. Generosity and Helpfulness:

    • Filipinos share resources generously, often prioritizing others' needs even when they have little to give.

  5. Strong Work Ethic:

    • A common trait where Filipinos show diligence and commitment to their jobs, frequently working long hours for family support.

  6. Loving and Caring Nature:

    • Warmth and kindness stemming from Filipino hospitality, friendliness, and deep-rooted faith.

Different Good Character Traits

  1. Alertness: Awareness of the surroundings and happenings.

  2. Attentiveness: Valuing individuals or tasks through undivided focus.

  3. Availability: Prioritizing others' needs beyond personal schedules.

  4. Benevolence: Providing for others without expecting rewards.

  5. Boldness: Acting with confidence and certainty.

  6. Cautiousness: Understanding proper timing for actions.

  7. Compassion: Investing effort to heal others' pain.

  8. Contentment: Recognizing that true happiness isn’t tied to material possessions.

  9. Creativity: Approaching tasks from innovative perspectives.

  10. Decisiveness: Ability to identify priorities and make tough choices.

  11. Deference: Restraining one's freedom to avoid offending others' tastes.

  12. Dependability: Fulfilling commitments, even at personal cost.

  13. Determination: Committing to achieving goals in the face of opposition.

  14. Diligence: Devoting time and effort to tasks at hand.

  15. Discernment: Understanding deeper reasons behind events.

  16. Discretion: Steering clear of actions that could provoke negative repercussions.

  17. Endurance: Inner strength to manage stress and keep striving.

  18. Enthusiasm: Exhibiting joy in tasks and accomplishments.

  19. Faith: Belief that good character leads to positive outcomes.

  20. Flexibility: Willingness to adapt plans as needed.

  21. Forgiveness: Clearing grudges and releasing wrongdoings.

  22. Generosity: Managing resources to provide help to those in need.

  23. Gentleness: Showing consideration and concern for others.

  24. Gratefulness: Acknowledging the impact others have on one’s life.

  25. Honor: Respecting authority figures due to their position.

  26. Hospitality: Cheerfully providing food and shelter to benefit others.

  27. Humility: Recognizing that achievements are often collective, not just individual.

  28. Initiative: Taking proactive measures without waiting for prompts.

  29. Joyfulness: Maintaining a positive attitude despite difficulties.

  30. Justice: Upholding truth and righteousness in decisions.

  31. Loyalty: Seeking to support others in challenging circumstances.

  32. Meekness: Yielding personal rights for the sake of service.

  33. Obedience: Promptly following directions from superiors.

  34. Orderliness: Organizing oneself and surroundings for efficiency.

  35. Patience: Accepting situations without impatience or urgency.

  36. Persuasiveness: Helping others navigate mental hurdles.

  37. Punctuality: Showing respect for others by being timely.

  38. Resourcefulness: Finding innovative uses for overlooked items.

  39. Responsibility: Recognizing and fulfilling one's expected roles.

  40. Security: Building a life around enduring values and principles.

  41. Self-Control: Rejecting wrongful urges and adhering to proper conduct.

  42. Sensitivity: Perceiving others' genuine emotions.

  43. Sincerity: Acting with genuine intentions and openness.

  44. Thoroughness: Being aware of factors that can undermine work or communication efficacy.

  45. Thriftiness: Spending wisely, avoiding unnecessary expenses.