CHAPTER 2 - APEC - CONCEPT OF ETHICS AND CIVILIZATION

Chapter 2: Concepts of Ethics and Civilization

Page 1: Title Page

  • Sunway University

  • Chapter 2: Concepts of Ethics and Civilization

Page 2: Learning Outcomes

  • Objective 1: Explain the concept of ethics in the history of human thoughts. (CLO1, PLO2, C2)

  • Objective 2: Analyze the history of European thought from pre-Enlightenment, during, and post-Enlightenment periods. (CLO2, PLO5, A2)

  • Objective 3: Identify the concept of civilization through pre-colonialism, colonialism, and post-colonialism. (CLO2, PLO5, A2)

Page 3: Subtopics

  • Tracing the movement of ideas and practices of ethics and civilization in the Malay World and globally.

    • Concepts of ethics

    • History of European thought through different periods

    • Religious perspectives and beliefs

    • Colonialism and post-colonialism

    • Concept of civilization

    • Comparing East and West

Page 4: Chapter Synopsis

  • Overview of timeline regarding

    • Malay World civilization

    • Universal civilization (East vs. West)

  • Civilizational stages: Precolonial, Colonial, Postcolonial.

  • Focus Areas: Ethical practices and European historical context.

Page 5-6: Tracing Movement of Ideas

  • Understand ethical and civilizational evolution in Malaysia focusing on influences and changes in the Malay archipelago, particularly in Malaysia, Sarawak, and Sabah.

Page 7-8: Development of Malay World History

  • Periods:

    1. Pre-historic Era: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Bronze

    2. Proto-historical Period: Formation of ancient Malay kingdoms like Langkasuka and Majapahit.

    3. Historical Era: Glory of Malacca Malay Sultanate, post-independence.

    4. Modern History: Effects post-colonialism.

Page 9: Pre-Historic and Proto-Historical Periods

  • Paleolithic: Nomadic existence with basic stone tools.

  • Mesolithic: Development of improved tools, early agriculture.

  • Neolithic: Permanent settlements and advancements in agriculture.

  • Proto-Historical: Emergence of ancient kingdoms, use of Malay as a lingua franca, diverse social systems.

Page 10: Age of Malacca Malay Sultanate

  • Characteristics:

    • Laws of the Sea, trade hub.

    • Integration of various ethnic groups.

    • Interaction with global civilizations, leading to pluralism.

Page 11-12: Asian Civilizations

  • Indian Contributions: Buddhism and Hinduism shaped trade and culture; establishment of government, art, and sciences.

  • Chinese Influence: Long history of trade, cultural exchange, and philosophical development.

Page 14: Middle Eastern Influence

  • Spread of Islam affecting Malay laws, culture, and systems of governance; adaptation of previous civilizations.

Page 15-16: Western Civilizations

  • Arrival of Portuguese and Dutch colonial powers impacting trade, language, and governance, with changes in social structures and introduction of Western ideologies.

Page 17: British Colonization

  • Major restructuring of governance, religion, and society post-occupation.

  • Key events from colonial intervention to emergence of political structures.

Page 18: Globalization of Civilization

  • Modern interaction without borders, influenced by ICT and social media.

  • Development of hybrid civilizations integrating diverse cultures.

Page 19-20: Concepts of Ethics

  • History of European thought through Enlightenment:

    • Dark Ages, Renaissance, and influence on ethics and governance.

Page 21-22: Perspectives on Religion and Beliefs

  • Ethical implications of major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam) on social structures in Asia.

Page 23-24: Role of Religion

  • Impact of religious values on Malaysia's history and current civilization.

Page 25-30: Colonialism and Ethical Implications

  • Separation of religion and politics, effects of colonial legacy on modern societal structures.

Page 31-34: Concept of Civilization: East vs. West

  • Understanding civilization's construction through religious and cultural changes, and transformations during the Enlightenment.

Page 35-38: Conclusion

  • The amalgamation of diverse civilizations creates a unique ethical framework in Malaysia.

  • Importance of values and cultural heritage in national progress.