Hematology

1. What concern is a factor with Erythroblastosis fetalis?

Concerned that the pregnant woman’s immune system will attack the child’s blood cells.

2. What types of antigens are present in A, B, AB, and O blood type?

Type A= A antigens/ Type B= B antigens/ Type AB= Both A and B antigens/ Type O= No antigens

3. What antibodies are present in A, B, AB, and O blood types?

Type A= B antibodies/ Type B= A antibodies/ Type AB= No antibodies/ Type O= Both A and B antibodies

4. What makes someone’s blood type positive? 

If someone has the Rh protein, their blood type is positive.

5. What is wrong with a hemophiliac’s blood? What can the blood not do?

The body can’t make clotting factors to stop from bleeding. The blood cannot clot and stop bleeding.

6. What are the characteristics of the red blood cells?

Microscopic, circular with indentation in the middle, red because of a protein that allows the cell to carry oxygen. 

7. What are the smallest components of blood? (it has two names)

Platelets are thrombocytes.

8. A person with AB+ blood can get blood from what other blood types?

Able to receive from any type of blood.

9. A person with O- blood can get blood from what other blood types?

They can only receive from other O- blood.

10. How are leukocytes classified?

Granulocytes or Agranulocytes based on the presence or absence of microscopic granules in the cytoplasm when stained with Giemsa and Leishman stains.

11. What percentage of water is in plasma?

91-92%

12. What is different about the red blood cells of sickle cell patients? What culture is more prone to sickle cell  disease?

Red blood cells in sickle cell anemia patients are able to look like crescent moons. These cells are rigid and stick and can easily block blood flow. African, hispanic, indian, middle eastern, east asian.

13. What component of the red blood cells carries the oxygen?

Hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen.

14. What is the shape or erythrocytes?

Biconcave. A donut without the complete hole. A circle with an indentation.

15. What component of blood is important in the clotting process?

Platelets and proteins in the blood work together to clot blood.

16. What disorder is associated with low iron levels?

Iron deficiency anemia

17. When blood is centrifuged what components of blood are very visible?

Platelets and white blood cells

18. What does an increase in white blood cells usually mean is going on with the patient?

Some sort of infection where white blood cells are needed to fight it.

 19. What are the signs and symptoms of inflammation?

Swelling, heat, pain, loss of function, redness.

20. What does the term phagocytosis mean? Why is it important?

The ingestion of bacteria by phagocytes. The process of phagocytosis clears infection, killing pathogens and activating hose defense.