In-Depth Notes on Citizen Science by A/Prof Jaime Gongora
Acknowledgment of Country
- Acknowledge Traditional Owners of Australia and their connection to land, water and culture.
- Respect to Gadigal people of the Eora Nation and other Indigenous peoples.
- Celebrate traditional ecological knowledge regarding conservation and management of the environment.
Learning Outcomes
- Students will learn to apply citizen science principles to biodiversity surveys and engage stakeholders.
- Key outcomes include articulating stakeholder complex interplay in wildlife conservation, utilizing scientific techniques, and appreciating varied stakeholder perspectives.
Outline of Topics
- Overview of Citizen Science (CS) concepts and definitions.
- Functions of Citizen Science.
- Historical origins of Citizen Science.
- Framework and examples of Citizen Science.
- Q&A session.
CS Concept/Definition
- Integration of Public Outreach & Data Generation: Collaboration between public and researchers to collect scientific data.
- Partnership Models: Collaboration aimed at biodiversity conservation and public engagement enhancing capacity for sustainable ecosystem use.
- Community Contribution: Citizen scientists collect, analyze, and educate on data.
Alternative Names for Citizen Science
- Community science, Community-based management, Community-based monitoring.
- Participatory monitoring networks, Public participation in scientific research.
- Terms indicating public engagement in organized research efforts include Crowd-sourcing and Voluntary biological monitoring.
Historical Development of Citizen Science
- Emerged recently but has deep-rooted traditions in human activity; ancient practices of documenting biodiversity.
- Historical figures like Benjamin Franklin and Charles Darwin exemplify how non-professional scientists contributed to early scientific fields.
- The Christmas Bird Count is noted as one of the earliest CS projects initiated in 1900.
Key Resources in Citizen Science Development
- Technologies: Mobile phones, cameras, recording devices, and Internet resources facilitate data collection.
- Applications: Tools like iNaturalist, NatureMapr for species recording.
Categories of Citizen Science Based on Public Participation
- Contributory: Data collection.
- Collaborative: Consulting and co-designing projects.
- Contractual: Defined agreements guiding contributions.
Topics Covered in Citizen Science
- Biodiversity monitoring, environmental change assessments, and ecosystem management.
- Focus areas include climate change impact, illegal trade, population monitoring, and ecological functions.
Benefits of Citizen Science
- Contributes to biodiversity databases and influences conservation strategies.
- Validates ecological models and informs public policy.
- Promotes community involvement, enhances understanding, and raises conservation awareness.
Engaging Local Communities in Citizen Science
- Align projects with community needs and education priorities.
- Involve communities at all stages of the project.
- Ensure results are disseminated widely to acknowledge contributions.
Scientific Framework for Citizen Science
- Establish scientific standards ensuring ethics, data management, and transparency in collaboration.
- Incorporate diverse knowledge systems for project design and implementation.
Defining Public Involvement Levels
- Various stages of engagement: project design, data collection/analysis, and dissemination.
Ten Principles of Citizen Science
- Active involvement of citizens in science that generates new knowledge.
- Genuine scientific outcomes addressing real-world problems.
- Mutual benefits for professional scientists and citizen participants.
- Participation in multiple scientific stages by citizen scientists.
- Feedback provided to participants about their contributions.
- Acknowledgment of limitations and biases in citizen science as a research approach.
- Data accessibility to the public and open access publication where appropriate.
- Acknowledgment of citizen scientists in project results.
- Evaluation based on scientific output, data quality, and societal impacts.
- Addressing legal and ethical considerations in data management and project execution.
Examples of Citizen Science Projects
- Redmap Australia: Monitors climate-induced species distribution shifts with community-sourced data. Published 25 peer-reviewed papers and engaged thousands in climate discussions.
- Peace with Nature Project: Former guerrilla fighters documented biodiversity for ecotourism while building networks and skills for future conservation initiatives.
Conclusion
- Citizen Science incorporates public participation in scientific inquiry regarding biodiversity and conservation.
- Principles and frameworks are crucial for guiding effective Citizen Science practice.