Amendments

1st Amendment: Protects freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government.
2nd Amendment: Protects the right to keep and bear arms.
3rd Amendment: Prevents the government from forcing citizens to house (quarter) soldiers during peacetime.
4th Amendment: Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures; requires warrants based on probable cause.
5th Amendment: Guarantees due process, protects against self-incrimination ("right to remain silent") and double jeopardy, and requires fair compensation for taken property (eminent domain).
6th Amendment: Guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury, legal counsel, and the right to confront witnesses in criminal cases.
7th Amendment: Guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil lawsuits.
8th Amendment: Prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.
9th Amendment: States that people have rights beyond those explicitly listed in the Constitution.
10th Amendment: Reserves powers not delegated to the federal government to the states or the people.

11th Amendment (1795): Limits the ability of individuals to sue states in federal court (State Sovereign Immunity).
12th Amendment (1804): Revises presidential election procedures by requiring separate electoral ballots for President and Vice President.
13th Amendment (1865): Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
14th Amendment (1868): Grants citizenship to all born/naturalized in the U.S.; guarantees equal protection under the law and due process for all citizens.
15th Amendment (1870): Prohibits denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

16th Amendment (1913): Gives Congress the power to levy a federal income tax.
17th Amendment (1913): Establishes the direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote rather than state legislatures.
18th Amendment (1919): Prohibits the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquors (Prohibition).
19th Amendment (1920): Grants women the right to vote (women's suffrage).

20th Amendment (1933): Shortens the "lame duck" period by moving presidential inauguration to January 20 and congressional sessions to January 3.
21st Amendment (1933): Repeals the 18th Amendment, ending Prohibition.
22nd Amendment (1951): Limits the President to serving two terms in office.
23rd Amendment (1961): Grants Washington, D.C. residents the right to vote in presidential elections (gives D.C. electors in the Electoral College).
24th Amendment (1964): Bans poll taxes in federal elections.
25th Amendment (1967): Clarifies presidential succession, vice presidential vacancies, and procedures for presidential disability.
26th Amendment (1971): Lowers the legal voting age from 21 to 18.
27th Amendment (1992): Prevents congressional salary increases from taking effect until the next congressional election.