Expository Discourse
Page 1: Expository Discourse Introduction
Overview of expository discourse as a means of transmitting information and expressing abstract thoughts.
Page 2: Learning Outcomes
- Monolingual and bilingual language development and impairment.
- Reading development and specific reading disabilities.
- Role of SLPs in education.
- Evidence-based language and literacy interventions.
- Development of school-age language intervention plans.
Page 3: What is Exposition?
Expository discourse: transmits information, abstract thought, issues not fixed to time/place, e.g., 'how-to's and general concepts.
Page 4: Types of Exposition
Includes description, enumeration, explanation, problem-solution, cause-effect, procedure, comparison, and argumentation.
Page 5: Discourse Genres
Genres can be categorized based on agent orientation and temporal succession.
Page 6: Summary Challenges
Comparison-contrast lectures are harder to summarize than cause-effect or narrative lectures; intellectual ability impacts expository performance.
Page 7: Descriptive Discourse Examples
Examples comparing typical descriptions for various communicative purposes, including state achievement tests and advertisements.
Page 8: Communicative Purpose on Description
Differentiation in descriptions based on the goal (e.g., visual or persuasive).
Page 9: Signaling Devices
Elements such as overviews, summaries, headings, and visuals enhance the structure of expository writing.
Page 10: Key Words and Devices
Key words and connective phrases guide comprehension (e.g., however, in addition).
Page 11: Overviews in Expository Texts
Short summaries provide context and prepare readers for content.
Page 12: Cohesion in Expository Texts
Importance of cohesion in longer texts; signaling devices become essential for clarity and navigation.
Page 13: Written Composition Styles
Contrasts between oral and written composition. Methods of knowledge-telling vs. knowledge-transforming writing.
Page 14: Writing Competency Challenges
Older students struggle with writing due to automaticity issues in fundamental skills, affecting overall writing quality.
Page 15: Impact on Students with Learning Disabilities
Common issues include shorter sentences, fewer cohesive ties, and difficulties with writing processes.
Page 16: Development Stages in Exposition
Children begin expository production early, learning to describe, explain, and persuade.
Page 17: Supporting Early Expository Learning
Focus on conversation and interactive activities to develop coherent oral explanations with scaffolding on structure.
Page 18: Visual Supports and Expository Development
Visual aids and interactive reading are crucial for aiding children’s understanding of expository structures.
Page 19: Instruction of Expository Structures
Explicit teaching of text structures is supported, particularly in upper elementary grades; many classrooms lack effective instruction.
Page 20: Strategies for Learning Disabilities
More intensive support needed for expository writing, using SRSD and structured writing approaches to improve clarity and organization.
Page 21: Individualizing Instruction
Adaptation of assignments to align therapeutic goals with curricular objectives; enhancing independence in students over time.
Page 22: Content and Topic Knowledge
Expository discourse depends on sufficient topic knowledge for organizing and explaining ideas; relevance enhances student motivation.
Page 23: Mnemonics in Expository Writing
DARE mnemonic aids in structuring arguments and position statements effectively, guiding students through logic and reasoning.
Page 24: Contextualized Skill Instruction
Steps for teaching expository structure through focused, collaborative strategies aimed at maximizing comprehension and expression.
Page 25: Schematic Examples
Comparative quality in enumeration and description to illustrate effective versus ineffective expository writing.