Anatomical Position
- Standing upright
- Facing forward
- Arms at sides
- Palms forward
- Feet slightly apart
Directional Terminology
- A is superior to B
- B is inferior to A
- His distal to G; G is proximal to H
- B is anterior to D; D is posterior to C
- E is medial to F; F is lateral to E
- F & G are ipsilateral; J & A are contralateral
- G is intermediate to H & K
Planes and Sections
- Transverse Plane: Superior (top)
- Frontal Plane: Anterior (front)
- Midsagittal Plane
Body Cavities
- Dorsal Cavity: Cranial (brain) & Vertebral (spinal cord)
- Ventral Cavity:
- Thoracic (heart & lungs)
- Abdominal (digestive organs)
- Pelvic (bladder & reproductive organs)
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
- Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
- Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
- Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
- Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Surface (Regional) Terminology
- Cranial, cervical, acromial
- Brachial, forearm, manual
- Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic regions
- Femoral, patellar, digital, pedal
Skeletal System
- Key Bones: Femur, Tibia, Fibula, etc.
- Tendons in white, muscles in red
Nervous System
- Components: Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves
Endocrine System Glands
- Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, etc.
Cardiovascular System
- Organs: Heart, Aorta, Arteries, Veins
Lymphatic System
- Components: Tonsils, Thymus, Spleen, Lymph Nodes
Respiratory System
- Key Components: Larynx, Trachea, Lungs
Digestive System
- Key Parts: Teeth, Esophagus, Stomach, Pancreas, Intestines
Urinary System
- Key Parts: Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra
Male Reproductive System
- Components: Penis, Testes, Scrotum, Prostate
Female Reproductive System
- Components: Uterus, Cervix, Vagina, Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes