Progressives

Progressive Era - The loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring about significant change on both America social and political life

Immigrant women - Worked more in factories

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory - On March 25, 1911 500 female workers inside were locked in a building during a fire and 146 people died

Double (second) shift - Women having to both work and take care of their children when they’re off the clock

Female seminaries - A “high school” for women to go when education was scarce. General topics taught included: ornamental, religion, domestic, morals, literature

Women and work - More women working than ever before (especially after marriage). White women had more variety of jobs available while immigrant women worked in factories, African American women worked in domestic services, Latino women were migrant/agriculture workers. A few work-related issues that arose were lower pay, childcare, and the second shift

Birth control - Condoms, spermicide douches, vaginal pessaries, womb veils

Anthony Comstock - Created Comstock Act which banned the mailing of contraceptive information. Banned anything considered obscene (pornography, condoms, etc) believed sex was only for procreation

Settlement Houses - Organizations that provided support to immigrants. Included nursing, education, classes, playgrounds, kindergartens, shelter, kitchens, bathrooms, health clinics, etc

Mueller vs Oregon - a U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court considered whether a state could limit the amount of hours a woman could work while not also limiting the hours of men.

Madame CJ Walker - First female self-made millionaire, daughter of ex-slaves, picked cotton & laundress, sold hair care and cosmetics

Gertrude Simmons Bonnin - fought for women's suffrage and Indigenous voting rights in the early 20th century. Helped create 1924 Indian Citizenship act and helped save Native American culture and secure full citizenship