Mid terms- Foundation of Faith & Scripture

• Doctrine- official teaching of the church based on the revelation of God and through Christ 

• Dogma- teachings that are recognized as central to church 

• Encyclical- a letter written by the Pop and sent to the whole church 

• Judaism- religious practices, beliefs and perspectives and philosophies of Jewish people 

• Islam- one of the major religions in the would connecting to both Judaism and Christianity 

• Council of the church- official assembly of the church leaders often for the purpose of decision making particular issues 

• Ecumennism- movement to restore unity among the christians churches 

• Lait- All members of the church, with the exception of those who are ordained 

• Consecrated Life- state of life recognized by the official church in which a person publicly profess vows of poverty 

• Religious Life- permanent state of life and an organized group of christians, recognized by the church 

• Religious vows- vows and promises made by a person who becomes a full member of religious community 

• Sisters (nuns)- see religious life, congregation order 

• Brothers (monks, friars)- see religious life, congregation order 

• Religious vows- vows and promise made by a person who becomes a full member of religious community 

• Vows- free and conscious commitment made to other persons, to the church, or God 

• Parish:  specific community of believers 

• Dioceans Priest- a man ordained by the bishop for service to the local church 

• Deacon- the third degree level of the sacrament of Holy orders 

• Bishops- one who has received the fullness of sacrament of holy orders 

• Pastoral- refers to the daily life of the church 

• Diocese- “particular” or “local” church 

• Cathedral- the official church of the bishop of a diocese 

• Poverty- condition of material need experiment by the poor 

• Pope- the successor of saint Peter and Bishop of Rome 

• College of Bishops- assembly of Bishops 

• Hierarchy- the line of authority in church 

• Assumption of Mary- The dogma that recognizes that the body of the Blessed Virgin Mary 

• Kenosis: theological concept that refers to the “self-emptying” of Jesus Christ in His incarnation  and crucifixion

• Mass: The central act of worship in the Catholic Church, involving the celebration of the Eucharist.

• Magisterium: The teaching authority of the Roman Catholic Church, exercised by the Pope and bishops.

• Body of Christ: Refers to the Church as a community of believers with Christ as its head, and also to the physical presence of Jesus in the Eucharist.

• Catholic Church: The universal community of Christians in communion with the Pope, following the teachings and traditions of the Church.

• Papacy: The office and authority of the Pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church.

• People of God: A term used to describe all baptized Christians who are part of the Church.

• Charism: A spiritual gift or grace given by the Holy Spirit to individuals for the benefit of the Church.

• Marks of the Church: The four distinguishing characteristics of the Catholic Church: One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic.

• Catechism: A summary of Catholic doctrine, often used for teaching the principles of faith.

• Canonization: The process by which the Catholic Church officially declares a deceased person to be a saint.

• Apostolic Succession: The unbroken transmission of spiritual authority from the Apostles to the current bishops.

• Infallible: Incapable of making mistakes or being wrong; in the context of the Church, it refers to the Pope's authority to proclaim doctrines free from error under certain conditions.

• Messiah: In Ancient Hebrew, it means "anointed one"; in Christianity, it refers to Jesus Christ as the promised savior.

1. What is theology?

   1. The study of the nature of God, religious beliefs, and the divine

2. What are the two types of Revelation in which God reveals himself to man?

   1. General Revelation and Special Revelation 

3. Identify at least one approach to theology.

   1. Systematic Theology. Method seeks to organize and explain religious beliefs and doctrines in a coherent and comprehensive manner. 

4. How many books are in the catholic New American Bible Old Testament?

   1. 46 

5. How many books are in the catholic New American Bible New Testament?

   1. 27 

6. Know that the Bible, containing the inspired Word of God, provides the foundational texts of Christian faith, while Tradition encompasses the teachings and practices passed down through the Church from the Apostles.

7. Who are the three persons of the Trinity?

   1. God the father, Son and the Holy spirit 

8. Know that The Father plays a crucial role in the Trinity as the source of divine life, the Creator, the revealer of God’s nature through the Son, and the embodiment of perfect love and communion.

9. Know that Jesus’ role as the Son of God is multifaceted, involving His divine nature, His mission of redemption, His function as mediator, and His role as the ultimate revelation of God.

10. Know that the Holy Spirit is the sustainer and guide of the Church and believers.

11. Who are the only two people in history who did not receive Original Sin?

    1. Jesus Christ and Virgin Mary 

12. True or false? The beauty of creation reflects the infinite beauty of the Creator and ought to inspire the respect and submission of man’s intellect and will.

    1. True 

13. Know that the desire for God is written in the human heart, because man is created by God and for God; and God never ceases to draw man to himself.

14. Know that all creatures bear a certain resemblance to God, most especially man, created in the image and likeness of God.

15. Know that by natural reason man can know God with certainty, on the basis of his works [Natural Revelation].

16. Understand that man, tempted by the devil, let his trust in his creator die in his heart and, abusing his freedom, disobeyed God’s command. This is what man's first sin consisted of.

17. Know that all subsequent sin (after man’s first sin) would be disobedience toward God and a lack of trust in his goodness. 

Unit 2 Review:

1. What language was the Old Testament originally written in (primarily)?

Ancient Hebrew

2. What language was the New Testament originally written in (primarily)?

Greek

3. What language was spoken primarily by the educated class?

   1. Greek

4. What Language was spoken primarily by the common people?

   1. Aramaica 

5. Who is considered to be the “Father of Faith”?

   1. Abraham 

6. Who was the first King of Israel?

   1. Saul, son of Kish 

7. What people are described as “descendants of Jacob's Children?

   1. Israelites 

8. How many original tribes of Israel are there?

   1. 12 

9. What event is thought to be the birth of the Church?

   1. Pentecost 

10. What is Apostolic Succession?

    1. Urban connection to the original apostles 

11. What is a Creed?

    1. A declaration of faith 

12. Who was the second King of Israel? 

    1. David 

13. Which of King David’s sons became King after his death? This King was known for his wisdom.

    1. Solomon 

14. How many years did the Israelites wander the desert?

    1. 40 years

15. Who are God’s chosen people (also Abraham’s descendants)?

    1. Israelites 

16. Know the definition of Kenosis.

    1. theological concept that refers to the “self-emptying” of Jesus Christ in His incarnation  and crucifixion

17. Know what “Messiah” means in Ancient Hebrew.

    1. anointed one 

18. Know that real biblical faith is believing in something reasonable but unprovable.

19. Understand what the term Theosis means.

    1. Refers to the process by which a person becomes united with God and transformed into a divine like state through the Grace of God 

20. Understand what the term Kenosis means.

21. Know God’s name as revealed to Moses at the burning bush.

22. Know the four sections of the Old Testament.

    1. The pentateuch, Historical books, Wisdom books, Prophetic books 

23. Know the four sections of the New Testament.

    1. Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, Epistles, and Revelations 

Unit 3 Review:

2. Know that Salvation History refers to the unfolding of God's plan to save humanity throughout time, as revealed through Scripture and tradition.

3. Know that the culmination of Salvation History is found in the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is considered the ultimate revelation of God’s love and the fulfillment of the promises made throughout history.

4. Know that Jesus began His public ministry around the age of thirty (at the time of his Baptism by John), preaching the Kingdom of God, teaching through parables, healing the sick, and performing miracles.

5. Know that the early Church began with the event of Pentecost, when the Holy Spirit descended upon the apostles, empowering them to proclaim the Gospel boldly. This event is regarded as the birth of the Church.

6. Know what term is used to describe Mary (the Mother of God).

7. Know what two “senses” should be used when interpreting scriptures.

   1. Literal and Spiritual sense 

8. Know that Literal Sense refers to the meaning conveyed directly by the text as understood by its original authors. This involves a thorough analysis of the historical and literary context of the Scripture.

9. Know that Spiritual Sense dives deeper into the text, revealing meanings that transcend the original context, often illuminated by the Holy Spirit. This sense is subdivided into three categories: allegorical, moral, and anagogical.

10. Know that the Annunciation refers to the statement made to Mary by the Archangel Gabriel that she was to be the Mother of the Son of God. 

11. Know that Intercession refers to the prayer of one person on behalf of another; the ordering of our prayers to God through saints and thereby gaining a new efficacy for the prayers from the aid of the saints.

12. Know that the Incarnation is a fact and doctrine that the Son, the second Person of the Blessed Trinity, became man; God taking human nature, body and soul, for our salvation.

13. Know that the Kingdom of God refers to God's reign and authority over creation. It is both a present reality and a future hope. It is characterized by righteousness, peace, and joy and invites people to enter into this new relationship with God. 

14. Know that Hypostatic Union is the union of the divine and human natures in the divine person of Christ.

15. Know that Eschatology is the science of the last things; study of death, judgment, hell, purgatory, the renovation of the world by fire, eternal life.

16. Know that the Paschal Mystery is the term used to describe Christ’s work of redemption accomplished principally by his Passion, death, Resurrection, and glorious Ascension.

17. Know that the term Disciple describes a pupil, a student; name sometimes applied to one of the Apostles, more frequently one of the early followers of Jesus.

18. Know that the Eucharist is the Sacrament of the body and blood of Christ truly present under the species of bread or wine; the Sacrament of the real presence, Term denoting the real presence of Christ in the Sacrament and the Sacrifice under the appearances of bread and wine. 

19. Know that “Atonement” is the reconciliation of man with God by Jesus Christ, the Son, through His sacrificial death on the Cross.

20. Know that Intercession refers to the prayer of one person on behalf of another; the ordering of our prayers to God through saints and thereby gaining a new efficacy for the prayers from the aid of the saints.

21. Know what books of the Bible are called “The Gospels” and know what testament they can be found in.

    1. Matthew, Mark, Luke, John. can be found in new testament 

Unit 4 Review:

1. Understand that the goal of Roman Catholicism (Christianity) is to achieve a state of Theosis.

2. Understand that obedience is integral to His (Jesus’) mission and identity and that Jesus Himself models perfect obedience to the Father.

3. Know that true obedience is shown through actions rather than mere words.

4. Know that obedience to Christ may require personal sacrifice and a willingness to endure hardships for the sake of the Gospel.

5. Know that genuine discipleship requires action aligned with God's will.

6. True or false? The citizen is obliged in conscience not to follow the directives of civil authorities when they are contrary to the demands of the moral order, to the fundamental rights of persons or the teachings of the Gospel. Refusing obedience to civil authorities, when their demands are contrary to those of an upright conscience, finds its justification in the distinction between serving God and serving the political community.

   1. True

7. Know that the Roman Catholic judicial system is organized to address various ecclesiastical matters, including the administration of justice, the resolution of disputes, and the enforcement of Canon Law.

8. What is the highest court of the Roman Catholic judicial system?

   1. Apostolic Signature (Sacra Rota Romana) 

9. What is the Roman Rota?

   1. tribunal of the Roman catholic church. It primarily functions as an appellate court for cases that have already been judged by lower ecclesiastical courts 

10. Know that each diocese has its own tribunal, which handles cases at the local level.

11. Know what kinds of cases a diocesan tribunal normally adjudicates. 

12. Know that Judges & Officials are responsible for adjudicating cases, interpreting the law, and ensuring that justice is served according to the principles of Canon Law.

13. Understand what the Code of Canon Law is.

    1. system of laws and legal principles that govern the administration and organization of the Roman Catholic church. 

14. Know that Canon Law is the body of laws and regulations developed or adopted by ecclesiastical authority for the governance of the Catholic Church and its members.

15. Know the three sources of Canon Law.

    1. Sacred Scripture, Sacred Tradition, Magisterium 

16. Know that the Pope holds the highest authority in matters of Canon Law, with bishops exercising authority within their dioceses.

17. Explain what Apostolic Succession is. 

    1. refers to the uninterrupted transmission of spiritual authoring from the Apostles directly to the current bishops through the laying on of hands

18. Know the organizational structure of the Catholic Church.

    1. Pop

    2. Cardinals

    3. Archbishops

    4. Bishops

    5. Priests

    6. Deacons

    7. Laity

19. Know what the organizational structure of the Catholic Church is based on. 

    1. Based on the Apostolic succession and the hierarchical model established by Jesus Christ and His Apostles 

20. Know that “reason” is the intellectual capacity of human beings to understand, analyze, and draw conclusions based on evidence and logical thought.

21. Know that through natural reason, humans can know God with certainty based on His works.