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Importance of Fish Diseases

  • Critical for aquaculture health.

General Symptoms

  • Signs vary by disease; generally indicate fish health issues.

Classification of Fish Diseases

  • Environmental/Non-parasitic

  • Parasitic:

    • Bacterial

    • Fungal

    • Crustacean

    • Protozoan

    • EUS (Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome)

Parasitic Diseases

Bacterial Diseases

  1. Fin & Tail Rot

    • Causative Agent: Pseudomonas sp.

    • Symptoms: Rotting fins; found in major carps.

    • Remedy: Dip in 500 ppm KMnO4, improve water quality.

  2. Ulcers

    • Causative Agent: Pseudomonas punctata

    • Symptoms: Open sores, muscle exposure; found in major carps.

    • Remedy: Bath in 1:20000 CuSO4 for 3-4 days, oral antibiotics.

  3. Dropsy

    • Causative Agent: Pseudomonas punctata

    • Symptoms: Swollen belly, inflamed intestines; found in major carps.

    • Remedy: Chloromycetin @ 100 mg/kg feed.

  4. Eye Disease

    • Causative Agent: Aeromonas liquifaciens

    • Symptoms: Vascularized cornea, opaque eyes; found in major carps.

    • Remedy: Bath in chloromycetin, maintain oxygen levels.

Fungal Diseases

  1. Saprolegniasis

    • Causative Agent: Saprolegnia parasitica

    • Symptoms: Cotton-like growths on fish; found in various life stages of carps.

    • Remedy: Dip in KMnO4/Nacl, treat ponds with formalin.

  2. Branchiomycosis

    • Causative Agent: Branchiomyces sanguinis

    • Symptoms: Obstructed gills, red flaking; found in various life stages of carps.

    • Remedy: Reduce organic matter, use quick lime.

Crustacean Diseases

  1. Argulosis

    • Causative Agent: Argulus sp.

    • Symptoms: Sucking leads to weakness, red spots; found in carps.

    • Remedy: Dip in Nacl, mechanical trapping.

  2. Learnaeasis

    • Causative Agent: Learnaea sp.

    • Symptoms: Restlessness; affects specific carps.

    • Remedy: Use KMnO4/Nacl.

Protozoan Diseases

  1. White Spot

    • Causative Agent: Ichthiophthirius multifilis

    • Symptoms: White spots, scraping behavior; prevalent in summer.

    • Remedy: Salt treatment, dip in formalin.

EUS - Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome

  • Characteristics: Severe mortality, combination of multiple pathogens.

  • Symptoms: Red spots, ulcers; affects bottom dwelling fish.

  • Preventive Measures: Lime application, KMnO4/Nacl, ensure good water quality.

  • Cure: Chloramphenicol, CIFAX treatments.