### Vấn đề Môi trường và Giải pháp Quốc gia/Toàn cầu

| Keyword/Phrase | Synonyms/Related Words | Collocations/Example |

| :--- | :--- | :--- |

| environmental issues | Ecological problems, environmental challenges, ecological concerns | tackle environmental issues, address environmental issues |

| global organization | international body, worldwide institution, UN, global authority | managed by a global organization |

| national government | domestic government, local authorities, state administration | handled by national governments |

| tackle/address/deal with/handle | confront, resolve, combat, handle | tackle pollution, address climate change |

| climate change | global warming, climate crisis, environmental degradation | mitigate climate change |

| pollution | contamination, environmental contamination, toxic emissions | air/water/soil pollution |

| sustainable development | eco-friendly growth, green development | promote sustainable development |

| international cooperation | cross-border collaboration, global partnership | foster international cooperation |

| responsibility | duty, obligation, accountability | shared responsibility, collective responsibility |

| legislation/policy | regulations, laws, rules | environmental legislation, climate policy |

| resource management | natural resource conservation, resource preservation | sustainable resource management |

| conservation | protection, preservation, safeguarding | wildlife conservation, habitat conservation |

---

### Các Khái niệm Khác

| Keyword/Phrase | Synonyms/Related Words | Collocations/Example |

| :--- | :--- | :--- |

| renewable energy | green energy, sustainable energy, clean energy | adopt renewable energy |

| prevent/reduce/minimize | curb, limit, mitigate, control | prevent deforestation, reduce emissions |

| collective action | joint effort, cooperative initiative, united action | require collective action |

| international standards | global norms, worldwide regulations | meet international standards |

| global issue | worldwide problem, international challenge | global environmental issue |

| individual effort | unilateral action, single-nation initiative | individual effort by countries |

| long-term impact | lasting effect, enduring consequence, future outcome | minimize long-term impact |

| coordination | collaboration, cooperation, joint management | improve coordination between nations |

---

## 📗 VOCABULARY

| Vocabulary/Phrase | Collocations/Example | Meaning (Vietnamese) |

| :---------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------- |

| environmental challenges | tackle environmental challenges, face environmental challenges, address environmental challenges | các thách thức môi trường |

| climate change | combat climate change, mitigate climate change, adapt to climate change | biến đổi khí hậu |

| pollution | reduce air/water/soil pollution, control pollution levels | ô nhiễm |

| global organizations | international organizations, global institutions, worldwide authorities | các tổ chức toàn cầu |

| national governments | domestic governments, local authorities, state administrations | chính phủ quốc gia |

| collaborative partnership | form a collaborative partnership, foster collaborative partnership | quan hệ hợp tác phối hợp |

| complementary role | play a complementary role, serve a complementary role | vai trò bổ sung / hỗ trợ lẫn nhau |

| unified framework | establish a unified framework, implement a unified framework | khuôn khổ thống nhất |

| worldwide action | promote worldwide action, coordinate worldwide action | hành động trên toàn cầu |

| transcend borders | problems that transcend borders, issues transcending national boundaries | vượt qua biên giới |

| coordinated effort | ensure coordinated effort, implement coordinated effort | nỗ lực phối hợp |

| shared goals | work toward shared goals, achieve shared goals | mục tiêu chung |

| isolated interests | pursue isolated interests, protect isolated interests | lợi ích riêng lẻ |

| provide scientific data | provide accurate scientific data, supply scientific data | cung cấp dữ liệu khoa học |

| financial support | offer financial support, receive financial support | hỗ trợ tài chính |

| developing nations | support developing nations, assist developing nations | các quốc gia đang phát triển |

| promote fairness | promote fairness among countries, enhance fairness | thúc đẩy công bằng |

| ensure accountability | ensure accountability through monitoring, maintain accountability | đảm bảo trách nhiệm |

| global monitoring systems | establish global monitoring systems, use global monitoring systems | hệ thống giám sát toàn cầu |

| long-term progress | achieve long-term progress, ensure long-term progress | tiến bộ lâu dài |

| equitable environmental progress | achieve equitable environmental progress, maintain equitable environmental progress | tiến bộ môi trường công bằng |

| implementing change on the ground | implement change on the ground, carry out change on the ground | thực hiện thay đổi thực tế |

| tailored solutions | provide tailored solutions, develop tailored solutions | giải pháp được điều chỉnh theo nhu cầu |

| renewable energy | invest in renewable energy, promote renewable energy | năng lượng tái tạo |

| carbon trading system | implement a carbon trading system, adopt carbon trading system | hệ thống giao dịch carbon |

| alignment to international standards | ensure alignment to international standards, comply with international standards | phù hợp tiêu chuẩn quốc tế |

| consistency | maintain consistency, ensure consistency in policies | sự nhất quán |

| flexibility | provide flexibility, allow flexibility in implementation | tính linh hoạt |

| multi-level approach | adopt a multi-level approach, require a multi-level approach | phương pháp đa cấp độ |

| enforcement and adaptation | ensure enforcement and adaptation, implement enforcement and adaptation | thực thi và thích ứng |

| meaningful and sustainable protection | achieve meaningful and sustainable protection, provide meaningful and sustainable protection | bảo vệ có ý nghĩa và bền vững |

| synergy | create synergy, benefit from synergy | sự hợp lực, phối hợp hiệu quả |

| international cooperation | foster international cooperation, strengthen international cooperation | hợp tác quốc tế |

| global climate goals | achieve global climate goals, align with global climate goals | các mục tiêu khí hậu toàn cầu |

| on the ground | implement policies on the ground, take action on the ground | thực hiện trực tiếp ở thực địa / trong thực tế |

| unique geographical and economic conditions | consider unique geographical and economic conditions, adapt to unique conditions | điều kiện địa lý và kinh tế đặc thù |