Spanish Stem-Change

Irregular “yo” verbs

tener → tengo = to have
hacer → hago = to do / to make
poner → pongo = to put / to place
traer → traigo = to bring
salir → salgo = to leave / to go out
decir → digo = to say / to tell
ver → veo = to see
dar → doy = to give
conocer → conozco = to know (people, places)
saber → sé = to know (facts, info, how to do something)

Stem-changing verbs

e → ie
querer → quiero = to want
pensar → pienso = to think
empezar → empiezo = to begin / to start

o → ue
poder → puedo = to be able to / can
dormir → duermo = to sleep
volver → vuelvo = to return / to come back

e → i
pedir → pido = to ask for / to order
servir → sirvo = to serve
repetir → repito = to repeat

Affirmative / Negative expressions

algo = something
nada = nothing

alguien = someone
nadie = no one

siempre = always
nunca / jamás = never

también = also
tampoco = neither

algún / alguno / alguna = some / any
ningún / ninguno / ninguna = none / not any