Henrietta chapter 8

Banks, Manufacturing, and Markets ¡ Banking and Credit:

ú 2nd __________ was Chartered in 1816 for 20 years

• ú  Panicof1819:statebanksover-issuednotes,

  ________________________________ on Western land

• ú  Growing distrust of banks (2nd BUS) emerged

  ¡ Rural Manufacturing:

• ú  MerchantswereespeciallyhardhitfromthePanic

• ú  Moreandmoreofmanufacturingmovedfromhomesto

  ____________________

• ú  NewEnglandandtheWestfocusedonlivestock–

  _________________________
  ¨ Forests were removed in many areas of the

  North

• ú  Textilemillswerebuiltaround_______________

  ¡ The Transportation System:
  ú Turnpikes–______roadsincreased(LancasterTurnpike) ú Connectedinteriortocoasts–increased_____________

  ¨ Public Enterprise: The Commonwealth System:

• ¡  Under John Marshall, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of

  _____________________________________ (eminent domain);

  state legislatures followed

• ¡  Commonwealth System – providing government aid to private

  businesses

  Toward a Democratic Republican Culture

  ¨ Opportunity and Equality – for White Men:
  ¡ US was unique in the world – no aristocratic families
  ¡ However, there were numerous laws that restricted rights based

  on _________________________________________________ ¨ Toward Republican Families:

  ¡ Mercy Otis Warren – argued against ______________________ ¡ Republican Marriages:

  • ú  Moremarriageswerebasedonlove,fewer _________________________ marriages

  • ú  Husbandsstillhadmorepowerthanwives-property ¡ ***________________________________________***:

    ú Motherswouldraisetheirchildrentobegoodcitizens

    ú Motherstookamoreactiverolein________________ ¨ Raising Republican Children:

    ¡ Two Modes of Parenting:
    ú Encouragingindependencev.authoritarianism

    ¡ Debates Over Education:
    ú _________________advocatededucationforAmericans

¡

¡

¨ ***The ¡

¡ ¡ ¡

• ú  Jefferson’sbillforEstablishingReligiousFreedom (inspired _______ amendment)

• ú  Increaseinnumberofdenominationshelpedguarantee there would not be an established church

  Church-State Relations:

• ú  VAoutlawedreligiousrequirementsforoffice

• ú  “_____________________”–fundingofchurchescame

  from members Republican Church Institutions:

  ú EvangelicalMethodistandBaptistchurchesgaineda large number of members

  Second Great Awakening***
  Spread of Christianity throughout the US _________________________ meetings (Cane Ridge, KY; burned over district in NY)
  A New Religious Landscape:

  ú InspiredbyWhitefield,preachersincreasedconversions Black Christianity:

ú ManysawslaveryassimilartotheplightofIsraelites ¨ Religion and Reform:

• ¡  Unitarians – believed in _________________________________

• ¡  Many churches rejected ________________________________

• ¡  2nd Great Awakening encouraged people to better the world

  (Humane Society)
  ¨ Women’s New Religious Roles:

  ¡ Shakers – Mother Ann Lee:
  ú Promotedcelibacyand___________________________

  ¡ A Growing Public Presence:

  • ú  Womengainedsomerightsinchurches–gender-

    segregated prayer meetings ended

  • ú  Mother’sMagazine–taughtChristianwomenhowto

    raise children

  • ú  EmmaWillard–outspokenadvocateof

    ___________________________ for women