fsn quiz 3
Urbanization & Migration
Q: What are the three major topics in population dynamics?
A: Urbanization, Population Density, and Migration.
Q: What are drivers of urbanization?
A: Economic growth, structural transformation, and diversification of diets.
Q: What are outcomes of urbanization?
A: Often increased economic growth, more affordable food, and peri-urban agriculture—but not always positive.
Q: What is population density?
A: Measurement of population per land area (square miles or kilometers).
Q: Which city is the most densely populated in the world?
A: Manila, Philippines – 111,537 people per square mile.
Q: Most densely populated U.S. city?
A: New York City – 29,302 people per square mile.
Climate Forced Migration & Policy
Q: What triggers climate-forced migration?
A: Climate change, environmental degradation, and natural disasters.
Q: What are impacts of climate migration?
A: Unequal effects globally; loss of agricultural land and homes.
Q: What is a key policy challenge for climate refugees?
A: There is no international legal category for climate refugees.
Q: Why are options for climate refugee resettlement limited?
A: Lack of political will from wealthier countries and no international protection framework.
📘 Flashcards – Week 08: Demographics & Population (Part 2)
Population Control
Q: Name two historical population reduction strategies.
A: Forced sterilizations and policies like China's One Child Policy.
Q: What is gendercide?
A: The deliberate killing of individuals of a specific sex, often female.
Q: What helps reduce population ethically?
A: Female literacy, access to contraception, healthcare, and economic support.
Family Planning & Education
Q: Why is family planning important?
A: Helps manage birth rates and promote family well-being.
Q: Is contraception alone enough to reduce global population?
A: No, though its use is increasing in developing countries.
Q: What is the ideal time between pregnancies?
A: 18 to 24 months for body recovery.
Q: How does education impact population growth?
A: Increases awareness, delays childbirth, and improves family planning outcomes.
Q: What is the Demographic Transition?
A: A shift from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates as a country industrializes.
Q: What are the 5 stages of demographic transition?
A:
High birth and death rates
Falling death rate, high birth rate
Falling birth rate
Low birth and death rates
Very low birth rate, population may decline
Q: What three things are needed for demographic transition?
A: Increased income, education, and healthcare.
Q: What is the Elderly Support Ratio?
A: The number of working-age people (15–64) per one elderly person (65+).
Q: What is Replacement Rate?
A: The number of children each woman must have to maintain population size (about 2.1 in developed countries).
Q: What is Doubling Time?
A: The time it takes for a population to double in size.
Q: What is the Demographic Divide?
A: Differences in population characteristics like birth rate, death rate, and life expectancy between countries.
🌍 Week 9: Globalization
Q: What is Globalization?
A: The process of increasing interaction and integration among countries through trade, investment, and tech.
Q: What is GDP?
A: Gross Domestic Product – value of all goods/services produced in a country annually.
Q: What is GNP?
A: Gross National Product – GDP plus net income from abroad.
Q: What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
A: A measure of a country’s development based on life expectancy, education, and income.
Q: What does a GINI coefficient measure?
A: Income inequality (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality).
Q: What is Free Trade?
A: Trade without restrictions like tariffs or quotas.
Q: What is Protectionist Trade?
A: Trade policies that restrict imports to protect domestic industries.
Q: What is the role of the WTO?
A: Oversees global trade rules, has 164 members covering 98% of world trade.
Q: What is Food System Consolidation?
A: Control of food production by a few large corporations, leading to a two-tier economy.
💸 Week 10: Global Aid
Q: What is the goal of Social Protection?
A: To reduce poverty and vulnerability through supports like healthcare, food, and cash aid.
Q: What is Fair Trade?
A: A movement ensuring producers in developing countries receive fair prices and ethical treatment.
Q: What does the World Bank do?
A: Funds projects to reduce poverty and support development in poor countries.
Q: What is the role of the IMF?
A: Promotes global monetary cooperation and financial stability.
Q: What are criticisms of global aid institutions?
A: Human rights suppression, harm to small farmers, and centralization of agriculture.
Q: What makes international aid effective?
A: Local engagement and support of domestic producers and systems.
Flashcard 1
Q: What is the central argument of The End of Poverty?
A: That global poverty is not accidental but the result of centuries of colonialism and economic exploitation by wealthy nations.
Flashcard 2
Q: What historical systems does the film blame for the origin of global poverty?
A: Colonialism, slavery, land theft, and resource extraction from the Global South.
Flashcard 3
Q: Which modern institutions are criticized in the film for perpetuating poverty?
A: The International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and multinational corporations.
Flashcard 4
Q: According to the film, how do wealthy nations continue to profit from poorer ones?
A: Through unfair trade, debt systems, and economic policies that favor the Global North.
Flashcard 5
Q: What does the film suggest instead of temporary aid to poor countries?
A: Structural reforms such as debt cancellation, land reform, and fair trade systems.
Flashcard 6
Q: How does the documentary view poverty in the Global South?
A: As a consequence of exploitation, not a lack of resources or capability.
Flashcard 7
Q: What is one key message of the documentary?
A: Ending poverty requires confronting and transforming global economic systems, not just offering charity.
Flashcard 8
Q: Who are some of the voices featured in the documentary?
A: Economists, scholars, and activists who critique global capitalism and advocate for economic justice.
Q: What is the central argument of Poverty, Inc.?
A: That the global aid industry often harms the very people it aims to help by creating dependency and undermining local economies.
Flashcard 2
Q: According to Poverty, Inc., what is a major problem with foreign aid?
A: It often benefits large NGOs, governments, and corporations more than the people it is intended to serve.
Flashcard 3
Q: How does the film describe the relationship between poverty and charity?
A: Charity can create a power imbalance and dependency, rather than empowering people to solve their own problems.
Flashcard 4
Q: What example does the documentary give to illustrate harm caused by donations?
A: The influx of free donated clothing undermines local textile industries in African countries.
Flashcard 5
Q: What alternative to traditional aid does Poverty, Inc. advocate for?
A: Supporting local entrepreneurship and building business ecosystems that enable self-sufficiency.
Flashcard 6
Q: What is the film’s critique of celebrity-driven charity campaigns?
A: They often oversimplify complex issues and focus on feel-good solutions rather than sustainable change.
Flashcard 7
Q: What term does the film use to describe the way aid creates a cycle of dependency?
A: “The poverty industry.”
Flashcard 8
Q: What does Poverty, Inc. say is essential for lasting development?
A: Property rights, rule of law, access to markets, and opportunities for people to build businesses.
Flashcard 9
Q: What question does the documentary repeatedly ask the viewer to consider?
A: Are we part of the solution—or part of the problem?