peds exam 3

  • Finding the Vein

    • Importance of feeling for vein before starting an IV.

    • Pediatric patients tend to bleed excessively; apply pressure for at least 5 minutes after venipuncture.h

  • Blood Transfusions and IV Use

    • Pediatric patients can receive blood through a 24-gauge needle, unlike adults who typically need at least a 20-gauge.

    • For elderly patients with small veins, it may be necessary to use a 24-gauge needle, though it's not preferred.

  • Blood Packaging for Pediatrics

    • Blood for NICU patients is supplied in small syringes (approximately 4 cc), as their blood volume is much smaller.

    • Despite the small volume, blood must be administered via a pump to monitor for reactions.

  • Transfusion Reactions

    • Always monitor pediatric patients closely for transfusion reactions since they cannot communicate symptoms.

    • Perform assessments consistently throughout the transfusion.

  • Preparing Normal Saline (NS) Flushes

    • Expel air from NS flushes before use to prevent air embolism.

    • Ensure to prime the IV line with NS before connecting to the patient.

  • Usage of Caps for IV Lines

    • Green and orange caps are used to keep IV lines sterile; they're single-use.

    • Always scrub the access site with alcohol before connecting to prevent contamination.

  • IV Care in Pediatric Patients

    • Make sure to secure IVs properly, especially in young children who may move more.

    • Be cautious of catheter occlusion when patients bend their arms.

  • Gauge and Latency of IVs

    • Pediatric IVs are much smaller than adult IVs, typically 24-gauge.

    • After inserting a catheter, advance it slowly post-flashback to avoid blowing the vein.

  • Maintenance of IVs

    • IVs should generally be changed every three days.

    • For long-term care, monitor the site for any complications.

  • Assessment and Taping

    • After IV insertion, apply pressure and tape down the line securely to prevent dislodgment.

    • Remember to remove the tourniquet; accidental retention is a common mistake.

  • Final Thoughts and Assignments

    • Discussion on recent lectures signals importance of covering material effectively in preparation for assessments.

    • Assignments on SurePath include a case study on long bone fractures and managing type 1 diabetes in children; ensure devices are charged for the work.