07-China's National Governance System and International Exchanges-2024

Contemporary China's Development and Social Practice

China's National Governance System and International Exchanges


Political Structure of State

  • Forms of State Government:

    • Republic

    • Constitutional Monarchy

    • Federation

    • United States


China's Modern Political System

  • People's Congress System

  • Regional Ethnic Autonomy System

  • Self-Governance at Primary Society Layers

  • Multi-Party Cooperation & Political Consultation under CPC Leadership

  • Whole-Process People's Democracy


Administrative Region System in China

Local Administration Levels

  • Four Levels of Local Administration:

    1. Province

    2. City

    3. County/District

    4. Township

  • Self-Governance System at Primary Society Layers

    • Village Committees

    • Residents Committees


Structure of Administrative Divisions

Provincial-Level Administrative Regions

  • Total: 34 Regions

    • 23 Provinces

    • 5 Autonomous Regions:

      • Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Guangxi, Ningxia, Tibet

    • 4 Municipalities: Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing

    • 2 Special Administrative Regions: Hong Kong, Macao


Prefecture-Level Administrative Regions

  • Total: 330+ Regions

    • More than 290 Prefecture-Level Cities

    • 7 Regions:

      • Daxinganling, Ngari, etc.

    • 30 Autonomous Prefectures

    • 3 League Regions


County-Level Administrative Areas

  • Total: 2800+

    • Districts: 970+

    • County-Level Cities: 380+

    • Counties: 1300+

    • Others: Autonomous Counties, Banners, Special Districts


Township-Level Administrative Areas

  • Total: ~40,000

    • Subdistricts: 8000+

    • Towns: ~21,000

    • Rural Townships: ~8000

    • Ethnic Townships: ~1000


Self-Governance System at Primary Society Layers

  • Types of Organizations:

    • Village Committees

    • Resident Committees


Regional Ethnic Autonomy

  • Types of Autonomous Regions:

    • Autonomous Regions

    • Autonomous Prefectures

    • Autonomous Counties

    • Ethnic Townships

  • Population Statistics (2010 Census):

    • Han People: 91.51%

    • Ethnic Minorities: 8.49%

  • Autonomy Content: Legislative power, executive power, economic autonomy, cultural autonomy


National People's Congress (NPC)

  • Structure:

    • National NPC and Local People's Congresses

    • Term Duration: Five Years

    • About 2900 Deputies

    • Indirect elections based on population with equity for minorities

  • Functions:

    • Amending the Constitution

    • Electing government organs

    • Approving economic and social plans

    • Reviewing state budgets

    • Establishing provinces and regions


Political Development

Urbanization

  • Urbanization Levels (2006):

    • East: 54.6%, Central: 40.4%, West: 35.7%

    • Exceeded 50% for the first time in 2011

Rural Areas

  • Governance Challenges:

    • Contradictions between openness and governance

    • Economic and social separation

    • Integration vs separation

Primary-Level Governance

  • Urban Community Building:

    • Coordination with grassroots organizations for effective governance


Contemporary International Exchanges

  • Belt and Road Initiative:

    • Goals: mutual growth, sustainability, economic connections

    • Focus on infrastructure, environmental harmony, digital economy

Concept of Shared Future for Mankind

  • Principles:

    • Accommodating legitimate concerns of other countries

    • Promoting common development


Sustainable Development

Definitions & Historical Context

  • Sustainable Development Defined: Meeting current needs without jeopardizing future

  • UN Reports: 1987 report established key principles and goals


Global Governance

Key Concepts

  • Multinatinal Collaboration: Managing global challenges through diverse actors

  • China's Role: Active participation, upholding UN principles, promoting stability


Conclusion

  • Conclusion on Governance: Strengthening global governance and cooperation is essential for sustainable development and stability.