History-Y8 End of Year

Urbanisation:

  • Urbanisation is the when people move into urban areas and increase the population this mainly takes place in LEC and MEC cities

    Why?

  • There are more opportunities for jobs in cities

  • More jobs

  • Better housing,medical facilities and services that you would have access to in a rural area

  • Public transport is cheaper

    Why not?

  • Can cause overcrowding

  • An increase of slums and and homeless people

  • Louder/more traffic

Plate tectonics:

The layers of the earth:

  • The crust: The top and thinnest layer of the earth

  • The upper mantle: The highest layer of the mantle this is made up of magma and where convection currents occur

  • The lower mantle: The lower layer of the mantle this is where the magma rises up from and is slightly hotter than the layer above

  • The outer core: A layer of liquid that is about 4500-5000 degrees celsius it is made up of many metals

  • The inner core:The centre of the earth made due to the pressure being pushed on it results in a solid hot core that is made up of metal and is approximately 5000 degrees celsius

Plate tectonics map:

  • Under the earth there are plate boundaries which is when two or more plates border each other these plates can move,but they don’t move very fast

  • When the plates do move it can cause multiple landforms to be made like volcanoes, fold mountains and earthquakes

Different types of plate boundary:

Constructive plate boundary:

  • Convection currents pull the two plates apart letting mama flow through the cracks

  • This can cause volcanoes,but often results in a ocean ridge forming

Transform plate boundary:

  • This plate boundary can cause earthquakes to form as when the plates are rubbing against each other they get stuck and when they slip they release a large amount of energy

  • In this plate boundary the plates don’t diverge or converge instead they move to the side of each other

Destructive plate boundary:

  • A destructive plate boundary has the two plate move towards each other this is called slab pull

  • This results in the oceanic plate being pulled under the continental plate forming a deep ocean trench

Poverty and development:

Key definitions:

  • Poverty:The state in which someone lacks financial security and wellbeing

  • Absolute poverty:When you cannot afford basic human needs

  • LEDC:Less Economically Developed Country

  • MEDC:More Economically Developed Country

  • Development:The measure of how advanced a country is economically,socially or technologically developed

    An example of absolute poverty