DIGESTIVE+MASTER+NUR+PART+I+04.07
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The peritoneum is a serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It consists of two layers:
Parietal Peritoneum: Lines the abdominal wall.
Visceral Peritoneum: Covers the organs itself.
The peritoneum allows for movement of the abdominal organs and provides support while also serving as a conduit for blood vessels and nerves.
Mesentery
The mesentery is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall, providing support and containing blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves that supply the intestines. It facilitates the suspension of the intestine within the abdominal cavity, allowing for mobility.
Omenta
The omentum refers to two folds of peritoneum that extend from the stomach to the surrounding organs:
Greater Omentum: Envelops the intestines and hangs down from the stomach, often referred to as the "fatty apron". It functions in fat storage, insulation, and immune response.
Lesser Omentum: Connects the stomach to the liver and supports various blood vessels.
Both omenta play significant roles in protecting organs and contributing to immune function, as they contain immune cells and can help wall off infections. They also assist in fat storage and nutrient absorption.