Natural and Artificial selection

Natural Selection

• Process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

• Key components include variation in traits, competition for resources, and differential reproduction.

• It acts on existing variations within a population.

• Example: The evolution of the peppered moth in response to industrial pollution in England.

Artificial Selection

• Human-directed breeding of organisms for specific desired traits.

• Involves choosing which individuals to reproduce based on their traits.

• It can lead to rapid changes in a species that might not occur via natural selection.

• Example: Selective breeding of dogs for size, coat type, and temperament.