Infant dev2.pptx

Michaela Viragova MPhil FMBPsS: Infant Development

Page 1: Title

  • Michaela Viragova MPhil FMBPsS

  • Focus on Infant Development

Page 2: Objectives

  • Overview

    • Importance of infant social development

    • Recognizing competent infants

    • Face recognition capabilities of infants

    • Learning from social agents

    • Environmental influences

    • Mind knowledge acquisition

    • Reasoning about physical events

    • Understanding intentions in infants

    • Object understanding in infancy

Page 3: Importance of Social Development in Infancy

  • Understanding Social Development

    • Social development is essential for overall human growth and well-being.

Page 4: Why is Social Development Important?

  • Importance of Social Development

Page 5: Key Reasons for Importance of Social Development

  1. Establishing Relationships:

    • Building meaningful bonds is crucial for emotional support and personal growth.

  2. Emotional Well-Being:

    • Healthy social connections help manage stress and enhance happiness.

  3. Communication Skills:

    • Development of verbal/non-verbal skills crucial for personal/professional settings.

  4. Conflict Resolution:

    • Learning to manage disagreements constructively contributes to healthier relationships.

  5. Empathy and Perspective-Taking:

    • Fosters compassion and promotes prosocial behavior.

  6. Adaptation to Society:

    • Understanding societal norms and fulfilling roles within a community.

  7. Cognitive Development:

    • Social interactions stimulate critical thinking and creativity.

  8. Career Success:

    • Effective social skills enhance job satisfaction and professional relationships.

  9. Mental Health:

    • Strong support networks prevent isolation and promote well-being.

  10. Personal Growth and Identity:

    • Interactions help develop a sense of self and understanding of interests.

  11. Community Engagement:

    • Individuals engaged in social issues promote positive societal changes.

  12. Longevity and Health:

    • Strong social ties contribute to physical health and longevity.

Page 6: The Competent Infant

  • Infant Expectations:

    • Infants actively seek connection shortly after birth.

Page 7: Competent Communication

  • Perception of Newborns:

    • Infants are not entirely helpless but are competent communicators as per Dr. T. Berry Brazelton.

Page 8: Historical Perspectives on Infants

  • Old Views vs. New Views:

    • Old beliefs saw newborns as passive, while new views acknowledge their active engagement.

Page 9: Newborn as Competent Individuals

  • Characteristics of Competent Infants:

    • Organized, social, and actively transforming their environments.

Page 10: Modalities of Competence

  • Competence in Different Modalities:

    • Visual tracking, sound location, habituation, touch response, emotional expression discrimination, and preference for face-like stimuli.

Pages 11-15: Behavioral States and Communication

  • Visual Preferences and Communication:

    • Infants show strong preferences for face features and can imitate gestures.

Page 20: Intersubjectivity Development

  • Shared Experience:

    • Early interactions lead to a sense of intersubjectivity and anticipation of social behavior.

Page 21: Maternal Sensitivity's Role

  • Impact of Maternal Interaction:

    • Sensitive mothers raise secure and socially competent children.

Page 22: Emotional Development through Interaction

  • Role of Mothers:

    • Mothers influence infant emotions and heightened emotional responses through interaction.

Page 24: Lynne Murray’s Research

  • Effects of Adult-Infant Communication:

    • Noncontingent behavior may negatively impact infant emotional development.

Page 26: Recap of Social Development

  • Summary of Recap:

    • Essential for emotional well-being and personal growth; critical from infancy.

Page 30: Face Processing

  • Development of Face Recognition:

    • Infants show preference for faces over other stimuli from birth.

Page 35: Age-Related Differences in Face Processing

  • Expertise in Face Recognition:

    • Specific development observed in face processing abilities in infants.

Page 46: Brain Activity in High-Risk Infants

  • Social Processing Differences:

    • Infants at high risk for ASD show atypical brain responses related to social cues.

Page 59: Environmental Influences on Development

  • Ecological Systems Theory:

    • Various environmental systems impact socio-emotional development in children.

Page 65: Expressed Emotion (EE)

  • Family Environment Impact:

    • High EE relates to poor mental health outcomes while low EE promotes better well-being.

Page 68: Mind Knowledge and Theory of Mind

  • Emergence of Theory of Mind:

    • Infants develop understanding of other minds earlier than previously thought.

Page 75: Understanding Intentions and Goals

  • Infants' Recognition of Goals:

    • Research suggests infants understand goal-directed actions and intentions.

Page 85: Object Permanence in Infants

  • Cognitive Tracking of Objects:

    • Infants develop capacity to retain memory of object locations early in life.

Page 93: Brain Activity and Object Tracking

  • Gamma Band Activity (GBA) Significance:

    • GBA reflects infants’ ability to represent objects even when occluded.