Exam Review

Thermodynamics: study of energy changes accompanying chemical or physical processes

• tells us direction and extents of the reaction but does not tell how fast reaction is

1st First law of thermodynamics: energy can be created, but cannot be destroyed

- formula: $\Delta E=q+w$

• E → internal energy Kinetic potential energy

• q → heat absorbed by system (+); heat released by the system to the surroundings (-)

• w → work done on the system (+); or by the system (-)

q at constant pressure:$q\rho=\Delta H$

$\Delta H$= Entropy heat gained or lost by system @ constant pressure

state function: depend only on its present state

State function:

• $\Delta H$

• $\Delta E$