SP101

Intellectual Property - is a term used to describe works of the mind – such as art, books, films, formulas, inventions, music, and processes – that are distinct and owned or created by a single person or group. Copyright Law - protects authored works, such as art, books, film, and music. Patent Law - protects inventions, subject to normal test of novelty, inventiveness, and industrial capability. Trade Secret Law - helps safeguard information that is critical to an organization’s success. Utility Patent - granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter. Issued for the invention of a new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or a new and useful improvement thereof. Software Defect - any error that, if not removed, could cause a software system to fail to meet its users’ needs. High-Quality Software Systems - are systems that are easy to learn and use because they perform quickly and efficiently, meet users’ needs, and operate safely and reliably. Mismanaged Software - can be fatal to a business, causing it to miss product delivery dates, incur increased product development costs, and deliver products that have poor quality. Business Information System - is a set of interrelated components including hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that collects and processes data and disseminates output. Warranty - assures buyers or lessees that a product meets certain standards of quality. Labor Productivity - is a measure of economic performance comparing goods / services produced (output) with the number of labor hours used. Defined mathematically as real output per labor hour. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - systems of people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge that develop computer systems and machines capable of stimulating human intelligence processes – including learning (acquiring information), reasoning (using rules to reach conclusions), and self-correction. EMR - health-related info created, managed, and consulted within a single healthcare organization. Not easily shared outside that organization. HIE - process of sharing patient-level electronic health information between different organizations. Reduces redundant tests and improves care quality. CDS - a process and set of tools to enhance healthcare decision-making using clinical knowledge and patient-specific data. Social Media - are web-based communication channels and tools that enable people to interact by creating online communities where they share information, ideas, messages, and other content. Cyberharassment - is any form of mistreatment or lack of care, both physical and mental, based on the use of an electronic communications device that causes harm and distress to others. Social Media Marketing - employs tools provided by or tailored for a particular social media platform to build a social community and interact with it. Earned Media - refers to media exposure an organization gets through press and social media mentions, positive online ratings and reviews, tweets and retweets, reposts, recommendations, and so on. Paid Media Marketing - involves paying a third party to broadcast an organization’s display ads or sponsored messages. Viral Marketing - is an approach to social media marketing that encourages individuals to pass along a marketing message to others. PartnerUp - an online networking community used by entrepreneurs and small business owners to find expertise and resources needed to start and grow a business. DoMyStuff - a social marketplace designed to connect people who want stuff done with people who will do it. GoBigNetwork - an online community that helps connect companies with investors. Contingent Work - is a job situation in which an individual does not have an explicit or implicit contract for long-term employment. Employee Leasing - a business (called the subscribing firm) transfers all or part of its workforce to another firm (called the leasing firm), which handles all human resource-related activities and costs, such as payroll, training, and the administration of employee benefits. Gig - instead of earning a regular hourly wage, workers get paid for specific gig, such as complete testing of a unit of software code, writing end user documentation, or delivering a training class via webinar. It is a single project or task for which a worker is hired. Independent Contractor - is an individual who provides services to another individual or organization according to terms defined in a written contract or within a verbal agreement, H1B - a visa for temporary work visa granted by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) for people who work in specialty occupations – jobs that require at least a four-year bachelor’s degree in a specific field, or equivalent experience. Outsourcing - is a long-term business arrangement in which a company contracts for services with an outside organization that has expertise in providing a specific function. Offshore Outsourcing - is a form of outsourcing in which services are provided by an organization whose employees are in a foreign country. Whistle-blower - are employees who act as informants on their company, revealing information to enrich themselves or to gain revenge for a perceived wrong. In most cases, however, whistleb;pwers act ethically in an attempt to correct what they think is a major wrongdoing, often a great personal risk.Usually has personal knowledge of what is happening inside the offending organization because of his or her role as an employee of the organization. Sometimes the whistle-blower is not an employee but a person with special knowledge gained from a position as an auditor or business partner. False Claims Act (Lincoln Law) - was enacted during the U.S. Civil War to combat fraud by companies that sold supplies to the Union Army. Qui Tam (“who sues on behalf of the king as well as for himself”) - provision of the False Claim Act allows a private citizen to file a suit in the name of the U.S. government, charging fraud by government contractors and other entities who receive or use government funds. Actions can be based on a variety of charges including mischarging for services, product and service substitution.