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Visual Integration

  • Identifying the Artwork: Clearly state the artist and the figure number of the artwork being referenced in the text.

  • Example: Johnson's painting Life in the South (1870) depicts African Americans post-Civil War.

  • Caption: Ensure to provide a caption with the figure reference, including the source:

    • Figure 1. Eastman Johnson, Life in the South, 1870, High Museum of Art, Atlanta.

Source Material Capture

  • Methods of Capturing Source Material: Summarize, paraphrase, or quote sources carefully, noting the importance of crediting the original authors appropriately.

  • Quoting:

    • Use quotation marks for brief quotes or indent for longer quotes (more than four lines).

    • Incorporate page numbers or precise location identifiers such as section or chapter when available.

Citing Various Sources

  • General Guidelines:

    • Only general themes or concepts might not need specific page numbers.

    • Provide detailed citations for analyzed works, including page numbers and contexts (e.g., Terriel's analysis of Malcolm X's speech highlights its call for radical action).

    • Example: “The Ballad or the Bullet” discusses changing perspectives (Terrill 129-131).

Formatting Quotations

  • Integrating Quotes:

    • Introduce brief quotes with a formal lead-in, e.g., "Vexi states his claim for baseball..." and provide context as necessary (Vexi 6).

    • For longer quotations, ensure proper indentation and double spacing, indicating omitted content with ellipses.

Annotated Text Quotation

  • Citing Sacred Texts: Include version, book, chapter, and verse when quoting scriptural texts.

    • Example: New American Bible, John 3:32.

Final Draft Considerations

  • Checking Citations: Ensure all material from sources is correctly cited. Each citation in the text must appear in the works cited list.

  • Author Identification: Identify the author of cited materials either in-text or in parentheses and ensure proper formatting throughout.

MLA Works Cited Structure

  • Creating a Works Cited Page: The title "Works Cited" should be centered at the top of a new double-spaced page and entries should be alphabetized by the author's last name.

    • Use hanging indents for entries longer than one line.

  • Containers: When citing, remember to include the larger work (container) in which the source was found, detailing contributors when applicable.

    • Example: Author, Title. Title of Container, Other Contributors, Version, Publisher, Date of Publication, Location.

General Formatting Guidelines for MLA

  • Italicize longer works; use quotation marks for shorter works.

  • Check capitalization and punctuation carefully in citations, and ensure all entries are double spaced with one-inch margins.

Citation Types

  • Author Formatting:

    • Single Author: Last name, First name. Title. Publisher, Year.

    • Two authors: Last name, First name, and First name Last name. Title. Publisher, Year.

    • Three or more authors: Last name, First name, et al. Title. Publisher, Year.

  • Electronic Sources: Include the URL or DOI for online sources, omitting the protocol (e.g., "http://").

Examples Across Different Source Types

  • Journal Articles: Include volume, issue numbers, and DOIs for online articles, e.g., Author, Article Title, Journal Title, Volume, Issue, Year, DOI/URL.

  • Blogs/Databases: Cite blogs as you would short works, and databases need to include necessary location details.

Paper Structure and Formatting Best Practices

  • Use Times New Roman font size 12, one-inch margins, and double space the entire document.

  • Sample papers illustrate formatting and citation conventions, demonstrating effective research practices alongside annotations.

Sample Paper References

  • Reference to sample papers can guide formatting. Check the back of the textbook for detailed examples of MLA format incorporating various work types.

  • Detailed descriptions ensure clarity on how to set up an MLA-compliant research paper outline, including required features as per instructor requirements.