Memory

Encoding- turning information into an electrochemical trace that be stored the memory

Semantic encoding - understaging using the meaning

Acoustic encoding- understanding through sound

Visual encoding- understanding through what is seen

Retrograde amnesia- affects the recall of memories prior to an injury to the brain

Anterograde amnesia - affects the formation of new long term memories long term memories before incident will be retained

Role of Rehearsal - repeating information over and over to transfer it from the short term memory store to the long term memory store.

MSM strengths

  • Show the existence of different stores of memory. Cases of amnesia show long term memory is affected while short emory remains intact

  • Ben moudrak positions affect words at the staryf a list is recalled first because of primacy it is rehearsed and transferred to the LTM while words at the end are still in the STM recency

MSM weakness

  • It has been criticized for overstating the role of rehearsal in the transfer of memory from STM to LTM

  • Single participants case studies cannot be generalized

   Peterson and Peterson strengths

  • They used fixed timing

  • Eliminated noise and other factors that could influence memory

Peterson Peterson Weakness

  • Lacks mundane realism as it is not as accurate use of meory

  • Lacks ecological validity as it is lab experiment therefore high control

Short term memory- encoded acoustically, hold 2 to 7 pieces of information and holds it for 18 seconds

Long term memory - encoded semantically , holds unlimited amount of information forever

Schemas - are packet of knowledge that influence the way we remember something

Omission- we leave out unfamiliar things

Familisartion- we change details to align with our schemas

Transformation- information is changed to help remember

Rationalisation- we add a reason to remember the information

Reconstructive memory - memory is not an exact copy of what we experience instead it is a interpretation

Bartlett reconstructive memory strengths

  • Remembering stories is a realistic use of memory high ecological validity

  • It has practical applications

Bartlett reconstructive memory weakness

  • Bartlett did not focus on a standardised procedure

  • Bartlett’s interpretation could differ weaken research

Bartlett War of ghosts strengths

  • Remembering stores is realistic use of memory

  • Results are qualitative because batur is best understood through its meaning

Bartlett War of ghosts weakness

  • Bartlett was not scientific in his procedures did not have a standardised procedure

  • Lacked mundane realism not a accurate use of memory

Reductionist - breaking it into chunks not looking at the whole thing

Holistic - taking an overall view and viewing memory as a whole

Sensory register- this is the store that receives all our sense information if we pay attention it is transferred to the STM