Lecture 5: LAW

Based specifically on the presentation, these are the 5 institutions and the distinctions you need to remember.

Institution	Who is in it?	Main role	🔑 Remember
1. European Council	Heads of state/government of the 27 Member States + European Council President + Commission President	Defines the EU's general political direction and priorities	🧭 DIRECTION
2. Council of Ministers / Council of the EU	Ministers from the 27 Member States	Represents Member States; negotiates & adopts EU legislation; coordinates national policies	🏛 MEMBER STATES + LAWS
3. European Parliament	Members directly elected by EU citizens for 5 years	Represents EU citizens; negotiates & adopts legislation; supervises other institutions	👥 CITIZENS + LAWS
4. European Commission	Commission	Proposes legislation, acts as EU executive, ensures EU law is followed	✍ PROPOSE + EXECUTE + MONITOR
5. Court of Justice of the EU	EU courts/judges	Judicial institution; important in the development of EU integration	⚖ EU COURT

Article	Topic	What you need to remember
Art. 13 TEU	EU institutions	Establishes the EU institutional framework. Think: who does what in the EU?
Art. 26 TFEU	Internal Market	Defines the internal market as an area without internal frontiers where the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured.
Arts. 28–36 TFEU	Free movement of goods	Treaty provisions concerning the movement of goods within the internal market.
Art. 43 TFEU	Mentioned under persons in the slide	The presentation lists this in connection with the free movement of persons.
Art. 45 TFEU	Free movement of workers	Workers can move within the EU; prohibits nationality discrimination regarding employment, remuneration and working conditions.
Art. 49 TFEU	Mentioned under persons in the slide	Listed in the presentation in connection with movement of persons.
Art. 56 TFEU	Free movement of services	Treaty basis for the freedom to provide services.
Art. 63 TFEU	Free movement of capital	Treaty basis for free movement of capital.
Art. 7 Directive 2004/38	Residence >3 months	Gives qualifying EU citizens, including workers/self-employed persons, the right to reside in another Member State for more than 3 months; qualifying family members may accompany/join them.