SLHS 231 unit 2



Speech relies on: Respiratory, phonatory, articulatory, nervous,  

 

Subdivisions of the nervous system 

 

 

 

  • Central Nervous system (CNS)  

  • Brain, spinal cord 

  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) 

  • cranial nerves (12 prs), spinal nerves (31 prs),  

 

The neuron - landmarks 

  • dendrite  

  • Soma 

  • nucleus  

  • axon 

  • Nodes of Ranvier 

 

 

The synapse (junction): 

  • presynaptic neuron 

  • synaptic cleft 

  • postsynaptic neuron 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gray and white matter: 

  • Cell bodies = gray  

  • Myelinated axons = white 

  • the surface of the brain looks gray, the spinal cord white 

 

 

 

Gray matter: Cerebral Cortex 

 

Frontal lobe (green) movement and cognition  

Temporal lobe (yellow) hearing  

Parietal (blue) sensory  

Occipital (red) vison  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convolutions: sulci and gyri  

 

 

  • Frontal lobe: motor strip  

  • pre-central gyrus 

  • Initiation of voluntary movements 

 

Broca’s area: speech production