Cell Study Guide (B)

Cell Discovery and Cell Theory

  • Essential for the discovery of the cell and the writing of the cell theory:

    • The invention of the microscope was crucial.

    • Scientists like Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek contributed to the early study of cells.

    • The collaborative work and findings of biologists helped solidify the cell theory.

Cell Theory

  • Three parts of the cell theory:

    • A. All living things are made up of cells.

    • B. Cells carry out the functions needed to support life.

    • C. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Differences Between Organisms

  • Comparison of multicellular and unicellular organisms:

    • Correct Answer: C. Multicellular organisms have large numbers of specialized cells to perform a variety of life functions, while unicellular organisms complete life functions with one cell.

Examples of Organisms

  • Example of a unicellular organism: Bacteria.

  • Example of a multicellular organism: Humans.

Organelles and Functions

  • Fill in the appropriate organelle based on descriptions:

    • A. Chloroplast: Green, Sunlight, Food

    • B. Flagellum: Movement, Tubular, Squiggly

    • C. Vacuole: Water, Food, Storage

    • D. Cell Membrane: Gateway, Around, Both

    • E. Nucleus: Brain, DNA, Circular

    • F. Cytoplasm: Fluid, Jell-O, All Over

    • G. Mitochondria: Energy, Muscle, Powerhouse

    • H. Ribosomes: Protein, Tiny, Make

    • I. Cell Wall: Plant, Support, Protect

Organelles and Functions Matching

  • Matching organelles with their function:

    • Cell Membrane - 1. Holds organelles

    • Cell Wall - 4. Gives protection & strength

    • Chloroplast - 3. Where food is made

    • Cytoplasm - 2. Allows materials to enter & exit the cell

Cell Types and Justifications

  • This is a(n) _______________ cell.

  • Justification Example:

    • A. It contains a cell wall (indicating it is a plant cell).

    • B. It has chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

    • C. The cell shape is rigid and rectangular unlike animal cells.

Levels of Organization

  • Order from simplest to most complex:

    • Organelle ~ Cell ~ Tissue ~ Organ ~ System ~ Organism

Organism Composition

  • Do all organisms contain all levels of organization?

    • No, not all organisms contain all levels of organization.

    • Unicellular organisms only have organelles and cells.

    • Multicellular organisms contain each level up to organism.