Unit 4 Vocabulary AP HU GEO

1. Administered boundaries-how we boundary will be maintained how it will function and what goods and people will be allowed to cross

2. African Union -an organization which is all countries in Africa to advocate peace security and stability on the continent through greater cooperation economic development and global integration

3. Antecedent boundaries -established before many people settled into an area

4. Arctic Council-an organization only countries with territory in the Arctic to foster cooperation and coordination and interact among the Arctic states with participation of Arctic indigenous communities

5. Association of Southeast Asian Nations-an organization of all countries from Southeast Asia to advance economic growth peace social progress and cultural economic development in the region

6. Autonomous region- a subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has a degree of self-government in its decision making

7. Choke points- a narrow passage that restricts traffic to another region

8. Colonialism- the process by which one nation exercises near complete control over another country which they have settled and taken over

9. Consequent boundaries- a type of subsequent boundary but they have taken into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape separating groups that have distant languages religions ethnicities or other traits

10. Cultural cohesion- the capacity of different national and ethnic groups to make a mutual commitment to live together as citizens of the same state

11. Defined boundaries- established by a legal document such as a treaty that divides one state from another

12. Delimited boundaries- drawn on a map by a photographer to show the limits of a space

13. Demarcated boundaries- identified by physical objects placed on the landscape

14. Demilitarized zones- specific areas where military forces and equipment are prohibited aiming to reduce the potential for conflict between neighboring states

15. Democratization- the transition from autocratic to more representative forms of politics

16. Devolution- the movement of power from the central government to regional governments within the state

17. Economies of scale- an increase in efficiency to lower the per unit production cost resulting in greater profits

18. Equitable infrastructure development-the process of building and improving essential physical and organizational structures and facilities

19. Established territorial seas- the zone extending 12 nautical miles from a country's coastline

20. Ethnic cleansing- a policy designed by 1 ethnic group to remove by violence or terrorism inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic group

21. Ethnic nationalist- advocate for the rights of recognition of their ethnic group

22. Ethnic separatism- the advocacy of full potential separation from the larger group identify more strongly with their ethnic group more than as citizens of the state

23. Ethnonationalism- a form of nationalism in which the nation is defined in terms of ethnic identity

24. European Union- an organization of mostly countries in western and central Europe to in integrate member states politically and economically

25. Exclusive Economic Zones- an area that extends to 100 nautical miles from a state coast

26. Failed states- a country that has lost the ability to effectively govern its territory and people

27. Federal states- unite separate political entities into and overarching system that allows each entity to maintain some degree of sovereignty

28. Geometric boundaries- mathematical and typically follow lines of latitude and longitude or are straight lines areas between two points instead of following physical and cultural figures

29. Gerrymandering- the drawing or boundaries for political districts by the party in power to protect or increase its power

30. Imperialism- the policy of extending a country's powers and influence through colonialization military force and other means

31. Independence movements- efforts by groups or regions within a country to gain political autonomy and establish sovereignty from a governing authority

32. Independent state- have sovereignty right to control their political and Economic Affairs within their boundaries without external interference

33. Irredentism- the majority ethnic group wants to claim territory for my neighboring state due to shared culture with the people residing across the border

34. Land boundaries- the detailed lines that separate distinct political entities

35. Maritime boundaries- legal tellings that established the limits of a state's jurisdiction over its sea areas

36. Military alliances- a formal agreement between two or more countries where they pledged to support each other military in case of an attack

37. Multinational state- a country containing multiple national ethnic and religious groups within its boundaries

38. Multi State nation- ethnic groups territorially divided by one or more international boundaries

39. Nation- a community of people bound to a homeland and possessing a common identity based on shared cultural traits

40. Nation-state- a political entity where the boundaries of a sovereign state closely align with the cultural boundaries of a single nation

41. Neocolonialism- the set of economic and political strategies by which wealthy and powerful countries indirectly maintain or extend their influence over less wealthy areas

42. North Atlantic Treaty Organization- an organization some countries around the world to provide mutual defence or member states

43. Redistricting- boundary adjustments

44. Relic boundaries- former boundaries that once existed but no longer have an official function are considered to be relics

45. Self-determination- a nations ability to determine its own statehood and form its own allegations and government

46. Semi Autonomous region- a subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has some degree of but not complete self government

47. Shatterbelts- region of continuing and persistent fragmentation due to the devolution and centrifugal forces

48. Sovereignty- the power of a political unit or government to rule over its own affairs

49. Stateless nation- an ethnic group or nation that does not possesses its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state

50. Subsequent boundaries- drawn in areas that have been settled by people and where cultural landscapes already exist or are in the process of being established

51. Superimposed boundaries- drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force

52. Supranationalism- the practice of multiple countries forming an organization for the benefit of all members

53. Territoriality- a political and cultural strategy used by individuals groups organizations to claim power over an area of land in its people's house resources

54. Terrorism- organized violence aimed at government and civilian targets to create fear for the advancement of political goals

55. Trade agreements- a legal path between two or more countries that outline the rules and regulations for trade between them

56. Uneven development- the unequal distribution of resources wealth and opportunities across different regions and populations

57. Unitary states- most of all of the  governing power is held by the national government

58. United Nations- an organization of most countries in the world to promote peace and security and human rights

59. United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea- establishes the legal framework for various maritime zones

60. Voting districts- international boundaries that divide a country's electorate into subnational regions