Destination Level B1 Vocabulary Study Guide
Sports, Leisure, and Competitive Activities
defeat (v) = beat: To overcome or win against an opponent in a competition or fight; thắng, đánh bại.
board game (n): A game played on a marked board, such as chess or checkers; trò chơi trên bàn cờ.
captain (n): The leader of a team or the person in command of a ship/aircraft; đội trưởng hoặc thuyền trưởng.
challenge:
(v): To invite someone to compete or to question the validity of something; thách thức.
(n): A difficult task or a competitive situation; sự thách thức.
champion (n): Someone who has won first place in a competition or contest; nhà vô địch.
cheat (v): To act dishonestly or break rules to gain an advantage; lừa/ gian lận.
classical (adj): Relating to a style of art, literature, or music that is considered traditional or of high lasting quality; cổ điển.
pleasure (n): A feeling of enjoyment or satisfaction; niềm vui.
coach (n):
A person who trains athletes or performers; huấn luyện viên.
A large bus used for long-distance travel; xe khách.
competition (n): An event where people compete to see who is the best, or the general act of competing; cuộc thi đấu/ sự cạnh tranh.
be crazy about: To be extremely enthusiastic or obsessed with something or someone; nổi điên vì cái gì.
achieve (v) $\rightarrow$ achievement (n): To reach a goal or succeed in doing something; đạt được $\rightarrow$ thành tựu.
entertainment / leisure (n): Activities used for enjoyment and relaxation; giải trí.
clever (adj) = brilliant = smart = intelligent: Having a quick and inventive mind; thông minh/ xuất chúng.
talented at = gifted at (adj): Having a natural ability to do something well; tài năng.
interest:
(n): A feeling of wanting to know or learn about something; sự thích thú.
interesting (adj): Something that causes a feeling of interest; thú vị.
fail to Vo: To be unsuccessful in achieving a goal; thất bại trong việc gì.
succeed in V-ing: To achieve the desired aim or result; thành công trong việc gì.
opponent (n): A person who is on the opposite side in a game, contest, or fight; đối thủ.
Personal Development, Education, and Achievement
organize (v): To arrange things in a structured or systematic way; sắp xếp/ tổ chức.
joy / happiness (n): A state of feeling well-being and contentment; niềm vui/ sự hạnh phúc.
focus on = concentrate on: To direct all attention or effort toward a specific task or subject; tập trung vào.
degree (n): An academic rank or award conferred by a college or university after finishing a course of study; bằng đại học/ cao đẳng.
qualifications (n): General terms for the degrees, certificates, or experience that make someone suitable for a job; bằng cấp nói chung/ chứng chỉ.
risk = danger (n): The possibility of something bad happening; rủi ro/ nguy cơ.
score:
(v): To gain points in a game or test; ghi điểm.
(n): The number of points achieved; điểm số.
support:
(v): To help or encourage someone; hỗ trợ/ ủng hộ.
(n): The act of providing assistance; sự ủng hộ.
experience:
(v): To undergo or live through an event; trải qua.
(n): Practical contact with and observation of facts or events; trải nghiệm/ kinh nghiệm.
train (v): To teach a person or animal a particular skill through practice and instruction; huấn luyện/ đào tạo.
expert (n): A person who has extensive knowledge or skill in a particular area; chuyên gia.
continue = go on = keep on = carry on: To persist in an activity or process; tiếp tục.
eat out (phrasal v): To have a meal at a restaurant rather than at home; ăn ngoài (ở nhà hàng).
give up = get rid of = stop: To cease making an effort or to resign from a habit; từ bỏ.
take part in = join in = participate in = engage in: To be involved in an activity; tham gia.
hesitate to Vo: To be reluctant or wait before acting because of uncertainty; lưỡng lự làm gì.
take up st: To begin a new hobby or activity; bắt đầu một sở thích.
turn down = reject (v): To decrease the volume or to refuse an offer; giảm âm lượng/ từ chối.
turn up = appear (v): To increase the volume or to arrive/be found; tăng âm lượng/ xuất hiện.
progress (n): The process of improving or moving forward; quá trình/ quy trình/ sự tiến bộ.
for fun: For the sake of enjoyment rather than for a serious purpose; cho vui/ không nghiêm túc.
in the middle of = at the center of: Located in the central part of something; nằm ở giữa.
in / on time: Occurring at the expected or correct time; đúng giờ.
guess (v): To estimate or suppose something without sufficient evidence; đoán.
instruction (n) $\rightarrow$ instruct (v) $\rightarrow$ instructor (n): The act of teaching (sự hướng dẫn) $\rightarrow$ To teach (hướng dẫn) $\rightarrow$ The person who teaches (người hướng dẫn/ giảng viên).
be bored with: Feeling weary and restless through lack of interest; chán với việc gì.
mental health vs. physical health: The condition of one's mind (sức khỏe tinh thần) compared to the condition of one's body (sức khỏe thể chất).
be good at…: Having a high level of skill in a specific area; giỏi về …
be interested in = be keen on = be fond of = enjoy = really like: To have a feeling of liking or wanting to do something; thích thú.
pass (v): To succeed in an exam or to move past someone/something; đậu (thi cử)/ vượt qua.
be popular with: Liked or admired by many people or a specific group; phổ biến với.
remind (v): To cause someone to remember something; nhắc nhở/ gợi nhắc.
research (v): To study a subject in detail to discover new information; nghiên cứu.
term (n): A set period of time in a school or university year; học kì.
look up: To search for information in a reference source (like a dictionary or internet); tra cứu.
point out = show: To direct attention to someone or something; chỉ ra.
write down: To record something on paper; viết ra (giấy).
for example = for instance: Used to introduce a specific case or illustration; cho ví dụ.
in conclusion: Finally, or as a summary; kết luận là …
in fact: Actually or in reality; thực ra là.
in favor of: In support of or agreeing with; tán thành/ ủng hộ.
in general: Considering everything; overall; nhìn chung.
be able to Vo = be capable of V-ing: Having the power, skill, or opportunity to do something; có thể.
confused (adj): Unable to think clearly or understand something; bối rối/ khó hiểu.
divide = separate (v): To split something into parts or to keep things apart; chia ra/ tách ra.
simple (adj) $\rightarrow$ simplify (v) $\rightarrow$ simplicity (n): Easy to understand (đơn giản) $\rightarrow$ To make easier (đơn giản hóa) $\rightarrow$ The state of being easy (sự đơn giản).
go abroad $\rightarrow$ study abroad: To travel to a foreign country (đi nước ngoài) $\rightarrow$ To attend school in a foreign country (đi du học).
Travel, Transport, and Logistics
accommodation (n): A place to live or stay, especially for holiday or work; chỗ ở.
cancel (v): To decide that a planned event will not take place; hủy bỏ.
delay = put off = postpone (v): To make something happen at a later time than planned; trì hoãn.
catch (v): To intercept and hold something or to board a vehicle; bắt lấy.
convenient (adj): Suitable or easy to use for one's needs or purposes; tiện lợi.
crash:
(v): To collide violently; va chạm.
(n): A violent collision; vụ va chạm.
crowded (adj): Full of people; đông đúc.
destination (n): The place to which someone or something is going; điểm đến.
ferry (n): A boat or ship for conveying passengers and goods across a body of water; phà.
flight (n): The action or process of flying through the air, or a specific journey by plane; chuyến bay.
journey (n): The act of traveling from one place to another; hành trình.
luggage (n): Suitcases or bags used for carrying personal belongings during travel; hành lý.
pack (v): To put clothes and other items into bags or boxes for travel; gói/ đóng gói.
transport (n): The system or means of conveying people or goods; sự vận chuyển.
reach = go to: To arrive at a place. Note: "reach" is not followed by the preposition "to".
Example: reach the location = go to the location; đến.
traffic (n): The vehicles moving on a road or public highway; giao thông.
vehicle (n): A machine used for transporting people or goods, such as a car or truck; xe cộ/ phương tiện.
take off vs. land (v): The departure (cất cánh) versus the arrival (hạ cánh) of an aircraft.
on schedule: Happening at the planned or expected time; đúng hẹn.
arrive at vs. arrive in:
arrive at: Used for specific small places such as hotels, restaurants, shops, etc.
arrive in: Used for large locations such as countries, cities, continents, provinces, etc.
Social Relationships and Personal Traits
apologize (v): To express regret for something wrong one has done; xin lỗi.
confident (adj) $\rightarrow$ confidence (n): Feeling sure of oneself (tự tin) $\rightarrow$ Belief in one's own abilities (sự tự tin).
divorced (adj): No longer married; ly hôn.
decorate (v): To make something look more attractive by adding ornaments; trang trí.
generous (adj): Willing to give money, help, or time freely; rộng lượng.
grateful (adj): Feeling or showing appreciation; biết ơn.
guest (n): A person who is invited to visit, stay, or eat at one's home; khách mời.
independent (adj) vs. dependent (adj): Self-governing/self-reliant (độc lập) vs. relying on someone else (phụ thuộc).
introduce (v) $\rightarrow$ introduction (n): To present someone or a topic (giới thiệu) $\rightarrow$ The act of presenting (sự giới thiệu).
loyal (adj): Giving constant support or allegiance; trung thành.
mood (n): A temporary state of mind or feeling; tâm trạng.
neighborhood (n): The area surrounding a person's house or the people living there; hàng xóm/ vùng lân cận.
ordinary (adj) = normal: Not special or different; bình thường.
patient:
(adj): Able to accept or tolerate delay or trouble without getting angry; kiên nhẫn.
(n): A person receiving medical treatment; bệnh nhân.
close to: Near to someone or something; gần với …
be famous for: Well-known for a specific reason or characteristic; nổi tiếng về …
be suitable for: Right or appropriate for a particular person, purpose, or situation; phù hợp cho.
ask sb about st: To request information from someone regarding a topic; hỏi ai về điều gì.
prepare for: To make ready for an event or action; chuẩn bị cho cái gì.
provide sb with st: To supply or give something to someone; cung cấp cho ai cái gì.
act sequence:
act (v): To take action or perform a role; hành động/ đóng vai trò.
active (adj): Ready to act; tích cực.
inactive (adj): Not taking action; thiếu tích cực.
action (n): The state of doing something; hành động.
actor (n): A person who performs in plays or movies; diễn viên.
athlete family:
athlete (n): A person who is proficient in sports/athletics; vận động viên điền kinh.
athletic (adj): Physically strong, fit, or active; thuộc về điền kinh.
athletics (n): Physical exercises and sports; bộ môn điền kinh.
childhood (n): The state or period of being a child; tuổi thơ.
collect family:
collect (v): To gather or pull together; thu gom/ sưu tầm.
collection (n): A group of items that have been gathered together; bộ sưu tập.
collector (n): A person who gathers things; nhà sưu tập.
brave (adj) $\rightarrow$ bravery (n): Showing no fear (dũng cảm) $\rightarrow$ Courageous behavior (sự dũng cảm).
educate (v) $\rightarrow$ education (n): To teach (dạy dỗ) $\rightarrow$ The process of receiving instruction (sự giáo dục).
memory family:
memory (n): The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information; trí nhớ.
memorise (v): To learn by heart; ghi nhớ.
memorial (adj): Serving as a remembrance of someone or something; để tưởng nhớ.
refer (v) $\rightarrow$ reference (n): To mention or allude to (đề cập) $\rightarrow$ The act of mentioning or a source of information (sự gợi ý, sự đề cập).
silent (adj) $\rightarrow$ silence (n): Quiet or not speaking (im lặng) $\rightarrow$ The complete absence of sound (sự im lặng).
attract family:
attract (v): To draw or pull toward; thu hút.
attraction (n): Something that interests or draws people; sự thu hút.
attractive (adj): Pleasing or appealing to the senses; mang tính thu hút.
choose (v) $\rightarrow$ choice (n): To pick from a range of options (chọn) $\rightarrow$ An act of selecting (sự lựa chọn).
depart (v) $\rightarrow$ departure (n): To leave (khởi hành) $\rightarrow$ The act of leaving (sự khởi hành).
private (adj): Intended for or restricted to the use of a particular person or group; riêng tư.
recognize (v): To identify someone or something from having seen them before; nhận ra.
relation (n): The way in which two or more people or things are connected; mối quan hệ.
rent (v): To pay someone for the use of something (like property); mướn, thuê.
respect (v) = look up to: To have deep admiration for someone due to their abilities or qualities; tôn trọng, ngưỡng mộ.
stranger (n): A person whom one does not know; người lạ.
trust:
(v): To believe in the reliability or truth of someone; tin.
(n): Belief in reliability; niềm tin.
bring up (phrasal v): To raise a child; nuôi nấng.
fall out with: To have an argument and stop being friendly with someone; cãi nhau với ai.
get on with: To have a good relationship with someone; hòa thuận với/ có mqh tốt vs.
go out with: To spend time socially or have a romantic relationship; đi chơi vs ai.
grow up: To undergo the process of becoming an adult; lớn lên/ trưởng thành.
let sb down: To disappoint someone; làm ai thất vọng.
look after = take care of: To provide for the needs of someone/something; chăm sóc.
split up: To end a relationship; chia tay.
by yourself = on your own: Working or being alone; tự bản thân mình.
have st in common with: To share features or interests; có cái gì giống vs ai.
be in contact with: To communicate with someone regularly; giữ liên lạc với ai.
be in love with: To feel a strong affection for someone; đang yêu ai.
on purpose: Intentionally; cố ý.
be fond of = be interested in = be keen on = enjoy + V-ing: Liking an activity specifically; thích thú với việc gì.
be jealous of: Feeling resentment toward someone’s achievements or possessions; ganh tị về điều gì.
be kind to sb: Showing a friendly or generous nature to someone; tử tế với ai.
be married to sb: Being united in marriage; đã kết hôn với ai.
be proud of: Feeling satisfaction as a result of one's own achievements or those of someone closely associated; tự hào về …
admire sb for: To regard someone with respect for a particular trait; ngưỡng mộ ai về điều gì.
apologize to sb for: To say sorry to a specific person for a specific act; xin lỗi ai về điều gì.
argue with sb about = have an argument with sb about: To exchange or express diverging views heatedly; tranh cãi với ai về điều gì.
care about: To feel concern or interest; quan tâm về điều gì.
chat to sb about: To talk in a friendly, informal way; tán gẫu với ai về điều gì.
have a relationship with: To be connected to or involved with; có mối quan hệ với ai.
able (adj) $\rightarrow$ be able to Vo: Having the capacity to do something (có thể).
unable (adj): Lacking capacity (không thể).
ability (n): The power to do something (khả năng).
disabled (adj): Having a physical or mental condition that limits movements/senses; tàn tật.
admire (v) $\rightarrow$ admiration (n): To feel respect (ngưỡng mộ) $\rightarrow$ Respect and warm approval (sự ngưỡng mộ).
care (v) $\rightarrow$ careful (adj) $\rightarrow$ careless (adj): To feel interest (quan tâm) $\rightarrow$ Taking pains (cẩn thận) $\rightarrow$ Not giving enough attention (bất cẩn).
forgive (v) $\rightarrow$ forgave (v2) $\rightarrow$ forgiven (v3) $\rightarrow$ forgiveness (n): To stop feeling angry at someone (tha thứ) $\rightarrow$ The act of pardoning (sự tha thứ).
honest (adj) $\rightarrow$ dishonest (adj) $\rightarrow$ honesty (n): Truthful (thành thật) $\rightarrow$ Untruthful (không thành thật) $\rightarrow$ The quality of being truthful (sự trung thực/ sự thành thật).
lie (v) $\rightarrow$ liar (n): To state an untruth (nói dối) $\rightarrow$ A person who tells lies (kẻ nói dối).
person (n) $\rightarrow$ personal (adj) $\rightarrow$ personality (n): An individual (con người) $\rightarrow$ Relating to one person (cá nhân, riêng tư) $\rightarrow$ Characteristics and qualities (tính cách).
relate family:
relate (v): To make or show a connection; liên quan/ liên hệ.
relatively (adv): To a certain degree; tương đối, khá là.
relatives (n): People in the same family; người họ hàng.
relation (n): The act of being connected; sự liên quan.
relationship (n): The way in which people are connected; mối quan hệ.
Finance, Commerce, and Value
advertisement (n): A public notice promoting a product or service; quảng cáo.
afford (v): To have enough money to pay for something; đủ tiền chi trả.
bargain (v): To negotiate the price of something; mặc cả/ trả giá.
catalogue (n): A complete list of items; danh mục.
change (n): The money returned after paying more than the exact price; tiền thừa/ tiền lẻ.
coin (n): A flat, round piece of metal used as money; đồng xu.
cost:
(v): To require the payment of an amount; trị giá.
(n): The amount of money needed; giá.
customer (n): A person who buys goods or services; khách hàng.
debt (n): Money that is owed to someone; khoản nợ.
demand (v): To ask for something forcefully; yêu cầu.
export (v): To send goods to another country for sale; xuất khẩu.
fee (n): A sum of money paid for professional services; phí/ tiền phải trả.
fortune (n): A very large amount of money; số tiền kế xù/ gia tài.
import (v): To bring goods into a country from abroad; nhập khẩu.
invest (v): To put money into schemes or property to gain profit; đầu tư.
obtain (v): To get or acquire something; đạt được/ giành được.
owe (v): To have an obligation to pay someone money; nợ.
own (v): To possess something as one's property; sở hữu/ làm chủ.
profit (n): The financial gain from business activity; lợi nhuận/ lời.
property (n): Things that belong to someone; tài sản.
purchase: To buy something; buy = make a purchase; mua.
receipt (n): A piece of paper that proves something has been paid for; biên lai/ giấy biên nhận.
require (v): To need something or make something necessary; yêu cầu/ đòi hỏi.
sale (n): The exchange of a commodity for money; sự bán/ sự hoạt động buôn bán.
save (v): To keep money for later use; tiết kiệm/ để dành.
select (v): To carefully choose as being the best; lựa chọn.
supply:
(v): To provide someone with something; cung cấp.
(n): The amount of something available; nguồn cung cấp.
variety (n): The quality of being different or diverse; sự đa dạng/ nhiều loại.
waste:
(v): To use something carelessly; lãng phí.
(n): The act of wasting; sự lãng phí.
add up (phrasal v): To find the total; tổng lại.
give away: To give something for free; cho đi/ hiến tặng.
hurry up: To do something faster; nhanh lên/ lẹ lên.
pay back: To return money that was borrowed; trả lại tiền.
save up for: To accumulate money for a specific goal; tiết kiệm cho.
by credit card / cheque: Paying using bank methods; trả bằng (thẻ/séc tín dụng).
for rent: Available to be rented; để cho thuê.
for sale: Available to be bought; để bán.
in cash: Paying with physical currency; trả bằng tiền mặt.
in debt: The state of owing money; trong cảnh nợ nần.
in good / bad condition: The state or quality of an object; trong điều kiện tốt/ xấu.
wrong about / with: Having a mistake; lỗi/sai về cái gì.
belong to: To be the property of; thuộc về.
borrow st from: To take something with the intent to return it; mượn cái gì từ ai.
choose between: To select one item from two or more; lựa chọn giữa hai.
compare st to / with: To note similarities and differences; so sánh cái gì đó với …
decide to Vo: To make a choice or come to a conclusion; quyết định làm gì.
lend st to sb: To give something temporarily; cho mượn cái gì đến ai.
pay for: To give money in exchange for goods/services; chi trả cho cái gì.
spend st on: To use money or time; dành (tiền/ thời gian) cho cái gì.
an advertisement for: A notice regarding a product; quảng cáo cho.
add (v) $\rightarrow$ addition (n): To join something (thêm vào) $\rightarrow$ The act of adding (sự thêm vào).
afford (v) $\rightarrow$ affordable (adj): To have the funds (đủ chi trả) $\rightarrow$ Reasonably priced (có thể chi trả được).
compare (v) $\rightarrow$ comparison (n): To contrast (so sánh) $\rightarrow$ The act of contrasting (sự so sánh).
decide (v) $\rightarrow$ decision (n): To choose (quyết định) $\rightarrow$ The conclusion reached (sự quyết định).
expense (n) $\rightarrow$ expensive (adj) vs. inexpensive (adj): Cost (sự tiêu tốn) $\rightarrow$ Costing a lot (đắt tiền) vs. not costing much (không đắt).
judge (v) $\rightarrow$ judgement (n): To evaluate (đánh giá/ nhận định) $\rightarrow$ The opinion formed (sự đánh giá/ sự phán xét).
serve (v) family:
serve (v): To perform duties; phục vụ.
service (n): The action of helping someone; dịch vụ.
servant (n): A person who performs duties for others; người hầu/ người ở.
true family:
true (adj): Correct (đúng, thật).
untrue (adj): False (giả/ không thật).
truth (n): The quality of being true (sự thật).
truthful (adj): Honest (chân thật/ đúng sự thật).
use (v) $\rightarrow$ useful (adj) vs. useless (adj): To employ (sử dụng) $\rightarrow$ Helpful (hữu ích) vs. not helpful (vô ích).
value (n) $\rightarrow$ valuable (adj): Importance or worth (giá trị) $\rightarrow$ Worth a great deal (có giá trị).
Science, Technology, and Measurement
artificial (adj): Made by human skill; not natural; giả/ không thật/ nhân tạo.
automatic (adj): Operating by itself; tự động.
complicated (adj): Intricate or involved; difficult to understand; phức tạp.
decrease:
(v): To become smaller or less; giảm.
(n): The act of becoming smaller; sự giảm.
digital (adj): Related to technology that uses binary code; kỹ thuật số.
discover (v): To find unexpectedly or during a search; khám phá ra.
effect (n): A change which is a result of an action; sự ảnh hưởng/ sự tác động.
equipment (n): The necessary items for a particular purpose; trang thiết bị.
estimate (v): To roughly calculate value or quantity; ước tính.
exact (adj): Precise and accurate; chính xác.
experiment (n): A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery; thí nghiệm.
gadget (n): A small mechanical or electronic device or tool; dụng cụ/ phụ kiện (đồ công nghệ/ điện tử).
hardware (n) vs. software (n): Physical components (phần cứng) vs. programs/operating info (phần mềm).
invent (v) family:
invent (v): To create something new; phát minh.
invention (n): The thing that is created; sự phát minh.
inventor (n): The person who creates the thing; nhà phát minh.
involve (v): To include or have as a necessary part; lôi kéo vào/ bao gồm.
laboratory (n): A room for scientific research or experiments; phòng thí nghiệm.
lack:
(v): To be without; thiếu.
(n): The state of being without; sự thiếu.
maximum (adj) vs. minimum (adj): The greatest (tối đa) vs. the least amount (tối thiểu).
operate family:
operate (v): To work or control a machine; vận hành.
operation (n): The process of working; sự vận hành.
operator (n): A person who uses a machine; nhà vận hành.
plastic (adj): Made of a synthetic material; nhựa/ chất dẻo.
program:
(v): To provide a computer with instructions; lập trình.
(n): A sequence of instructions; chương trình.
research (n): A systematic investigation; bài nghiên cứu.
run (v): To operate or maintain a machine or vehicle; chạy/ vận hành (máy móc/ xe cộ).
screen (n): The flat surface on which an image is displayed; màn hình.
sudden (adj): Occurring quickly and unexpectedly; nhanh/ đột ngột/ bất chợt.
unique (adj): Being the only one of its kind; độc đáo/ độc nhất.
break down (phrasal v): To stop functioning (of a machine); hư/ hỏng.
come across: To find by chance; tình cờ/ ngẫu nhiên.
find out: To discover information; tìm ra.
make up: To invent a story or excuse; bịa chuyện/ tạo ra lí do.
pull over: To move a vehicle to the side of the road; tấp vào.
throw away: To discard something no longer needed; vứt đi.
turn off: To stop the operation of a device; tắt/ dừng hoạt động.
turn on: To start the operation of a device; mở máy/ bật.
at last = in the end: Finally; cuối cùng.
by chance: Accidentally; tình cờ.
in my opinion: Expressing a personal view; theo quan điểm của mình.
out of order: Not working; bị hư/ bị hỏng.
different from: Not similar to; khác với.
full of: Containing a lot of something; đầy …
begin with: To start with a particular thing; bắt đầu với cái gì.
connect sth with sth: To join things together; kết nối cái gì với cái gì.
disconnect sth from sth: To break the connection; ngắt kết nối khỏi.
fill sth with: To make something full; lấp đầy cái gì với …
result in = lead to = cause: To have as an outcome; dẫn đến/ gây ra.
an idea about: A thought or suggestion regarding something; 1 ý kiến về …
a number of + N (plural countable): A certain quantity; một số.
boil (v) $\rightarrow$ boiler (n) $\rightarrow$ boiling (adj): To reach $100^\circ\text{C}$ (sôi) $\rightarrow$ A heating tank (nồi hơi) $\rightarrow$ Very hot (đang sôi).
chemist family:
chemist (n): A person engaged in chemistry; nhà hóa học.
chemical: (adj) Relating to chemistry; (n) A substance; thuộc hóa học - chất hóa học.
chemistry (n): The scientific study of substances; hóa học/ ngành hóa học.
conclude (v) $\rightarrow$ conclusion (n): To end (kết luận) $\rightarrow$ The result or end (sự kết luận).
examine (v) $\rightarrow$ exam (n) $\rightarrow$ examination (n): To inspect (kiểm tra) $\rightarrow$ A formal test (bài thi) $\rightarrow$ A process of testing (đợt thi, kì thi).
fascinate family:
fascinate (v): To attract someone's interest (thu hút).
fascination (n): Intense interest (sự cuốn hút).
fascinating (adj): Extremely interesting (mang tính cuốn hút).
history family:
history (n): The study of past events (lịch sử).
historic (adj): Famous or important in history (mang tính lịch sử, quan trọng).
historian (n): An expert in history (nhà sử học).
historical (adj): Belonging to the past (thuộc về lịch sử).
identical (adj) $\rightarrow$ identically (adv): Exactly the same (giống nhau, đồng nhất) $\rightarrow$ In an identical way (một cách đồng nhất).
long (adj) $\rightarrow$ length (n): Distance from end to end (dài) $\rightarrow$ Measurement of extent (chiều dài).
measure (v) $\rightarrow$ measurement (n): To ascertain size (đo lường) $\rightarrow$ The action of measuring (sự đo lường).
Communication, Media, and Language
accent (n): A distinctive way of pronouncing a language; giọng.
announcement (n): A formal public statement; sự thông báo.
broadcast:
(v): To transmit by radio or television; phát thanh/ phát sóng.
(n): A program that is transmitted; buổi phát sóng.
formal (adj) vs. informal (adj): Official/serious (trang trọng) vs. casual/relaxed (không trang trọng).
interrupt (v): To break the continuity of someone speaking; ngắt lời.
link:
(v): To connect or join; liên kết.
(n): A connection; mối liên kết.
media (n): Main means of mass communication; phương tiện truyền thống.
pause:
(v): To stop temporarily; ngừng/ dừng.
(n): A temporary stop; sự nghỉ.
persuade = convince (v): To make someone believe something; thuyết phục.
publish (v): To prepare and issue a book or journal; xuất bản.
request:
(v): To ask for something; yêu cầu.
(n): The act of asking; sự yêu cầu.
ring (v): To call by phone or to make a sound like a bell; gọi/ reo.
signal (n): A gesture or sound to convey information; dấu hiệu.
swear (v): To make a solemn promise or to use offensive language; thề/ nguyền rủa.
type (v): To write using a keyboard; đánh máy.
whisper (v): To speak very softly; thì thầm/ nói thầm.
blow (v): To move or expel air; thổi.
call back (phrasal v): To return a phone call; gọi lại.
come out: To be released or published; ra mắt/ xuất bản.
cut off: To interrupt a phone call or disconnect; ngắt/ cắt.
fill in: To complete a form with information; điền thông tin.
hang up: To end a phone conversation; gác máy.
log off / out: To finish using a computer system; đăng xuất.
log on (to): To start using a computer system; đăng nhập.
print out: To produce a paper copy of a digital document; in ra.
on the internet: Connected to or available on the world wide web; trên mạng.
(be) on the phone: Currently engaged in a phone conversation; đang nói chuyện điện thoại.