socio-informatics
Designing for People
Good interfaces start with understanding people.
Four-part structure to understand users:
Context (Who are they?)
Goals (What do they want to achieve?)
Research (Understand goals and context)
Patterns (Cognition and behavior related to interface design)
Interaction
Interaction involves 2 or more entities engaging, influencing, or communicating with each other.
Includes exchange of information or actions leading to mutual outcomes.
Types of interaction:
Touch-based
Mouse & keyboard
Voice
Gesture-based
Stylus or pen
Motion-based
Haptic feedback
Brain-computer interfaces
Design Process
Process involves creating and planning to solve problems or meet user needs.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) perspective: planning interactions to ensure effectiveness, enjoyment, and efficiency.
Interaction Design (IxD): structuring how users interact with products, systems, or services.
Focus on ensuring a good user experience.
Context
Understanding your audience is critical; designers are not always users.
Interaction as conversation:
Involves a constant exchange of information.
Designers must provide feedback similar to conversation partners (vocabulary, icons, gestures).
Match interaction style and functionality with user knowledge levels.
Goals
Goals are outcomes users want to achieve through interaction.
Goals include:
Finding a face or object
Learning
Transactions
Monitoring/control
Creating
Conversing
Entertainment
Design must account for users' goals for effective user-centered design.
Research
Research is critical for insights into user needs.
Empirical discovery is crucial, using qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (surveys) methods.
User discovery involves observing and understanding user tasks and their language.
Patterns
Patterns are established behaviors and cognitive habits related to software interfaces.
Successful interfaces support these patterns.
Encourage safe exploration: allow users to try and fail without significant consequences.
Instant gratification: quick results retain user engagement.
Satisficing: provide straightforward options to avoid overwhelming users.
Changes in Midstream
Allow users to change tasks mid-process without losing previous actions.
Design for deferred choices and incremental construction based on user needs.
Support users’ memory and tool usability.
Social Media and Collaboration
Acknowledge the influence of social interactions and peer opinions on user behavior.
User-generated content enhances credibility and motivation.
Relationship Among UI, UX, and IxD
UI: What happens on the screen (visual elements)
UX: Overall user satisfaction in using a product
IxD: User-system interactions (navigation, animations)
A well-designed product harmonizes all three aspects.
Importance of Interaction Design
Interaction Design ensures users can efficiently accomplish goals, enhances satisfaction, and leads to better conversion.
Design Process Overview
Requirements: Analyze what exists versus what is needed.
Analysis, design, interaction prototyping, implementation, and deployment.
Why Products Fail
Failures often arise from misplaced priorities, ignorance of user needs, and lack of a structured design process.
UX Design Framework Components
Strategy: Define purpose and user needs.
Scope: Determine features and functionality.
Structure: Create logical flow for interactions.
Skeleton: Develop wireframes and interaction patterns for usability.
Surface: Apply branding and visual design elements.
Design Thinking Framework
Discovery: Gather data on topics.
Reframe: Identify patterns and insights.
Incubate: Allow ideas to develop.
Ideate: Generate solutions and explore possibilities.
Evaluate: Assess desirability and feasibility of ideas.
Prototype/Test: Rapid prototyping for feedback.
Deliver: Final testing and launch.
Iterate/Scale: Continuous evaluation and improvement.
Context in Interaction Design
Consider physical, social, technological, task, and user contexts in design.
Context ensures usability and enhances user satisfaction.
Information Architecture
Organizing, structuring, and labeling content effectively to support navigation and usability.
Data organization, label consistency, navigation systems, and search tools are crucial.
Importance of Information Architecture
Supports user goals, enhances accessibility, improves findability, and boosts user engagement.
User Flow Mapping
Visual representation of user steps to complete tasks, identifies pain points for optimization.