MOD 6
6.1 Modes of Transportation
## Section Objective
You will learn to:
Name modes of transportation
Introduction
Felicidades for starting your next module, Module 6!
Previous Module: Module 5 covered going to the beach and city exploration based on interests and practiced indirect object pronouns.
Current Module Highlights:
Learn about transportation, making reservations, and trip planning.
Vocabulary Focus
New vocabulary related to transportation will be introduced, including terms for airplanes and reservations.
You will also discuss individual preferences.
Important to keep learning indirect object pronouns for future lessons.
Suggestion for further practice online on indirect object pronouns.
Transportation Vocabulary
Learning about different types of vehicles is essential as transportation is integral to daily life.
New Vocabulary Words:
un vehículo: vehicle
un automóvil: automobile
un taxi: taxi
un carro/un coche: car *
Un coche is commonly used in Spain; un carro is preferred in Latin America.
un camión: truck
un autobús: bus
el metro: subway
el tren: train
un barco: ship; boat
un bote: small boat
un avión: airplane
un helicóptero: helicopter
una motocicleta: motorcycle
una bicicleta: bicycle
una limosina: limousine
Recognition Exercise
Encouragement to recognize transportation vocabulary based on similarities to English.
Reflect on personal transportation experiences and preferences:
Questions to Consider:
¿Qué tipo de transporte prefieres?
¿Tienes una motocicleta?
¿Cuál es tu vehículo favorito?
6.2 Talking About Driving
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about driving
Review of Previous Section
Last section focused on types of vehicles for transport (bus, train, car, etc.) and written preferences regarding these modes.
Introduction to New Section
Focus on the verb conducir, which means to drive.
Important to note that conducir is synonymous with manejar but the former will be used in discussions about driving.
Conjugation for Conducir:
CONDUCIR: To drive
Yo conduzco - I drive
Tú conduces - You drive (informal)
Ud., él/ella conduce - You formal/he/she drives
Nosotros conducimos - We drive
Vosotros conducís - You all drive (Spain, informal)
Uds., ellos, ellas conducen - All of you drive
Usage of Conducir
Example Sentences:
Yo conduzco un coche azul. - I drive a blue car.
Mi padre conduce un camión. - My father drives a truck.
Los hermanos conducen unas motocicletas. - The brothers drive motorcycles.
Asking General Questions
Question Form Patterns:
¿Qué conduces? - What do you drive?
¿Qué tipo de transporte conduces? - What type of transportation do you drive?
Respond by conjugating the verb accordingly.
Cultural Note
Venezuela’s Gas Prices:
Venezuela has one of the cheapest gasoline prices among Spanish-speaking countries due to government control of oil production.
Current gas price: about $0.12 per gallon.
Contrasted with European countries where taxes can reach 75% of the cost, e.g., $5 per gallon in Spain.
Exercise
Answer questions about personal family transportation.
6.3 How You Travel
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about traveling
Recap of Driving Section
Overview of conducir as an irregular verb and its significance.
Review activity suggested before moving on to new content about the verb viajar (to travel).
Introduction to Viajar
VIAJAR: To Travel
Conjugation of Viajar:
Yo viajo - I travel
Tú viajas - You travel (informal)
Ud., él/ella viaja - You (formal)/he/she travels
Nosotros viajamos - We travel
Vosotros viajáis - You all travel (informal, Spain)
Uds., ellos, ellas viajan - All of you travel; they travel
Talking About How You Travel
Structure sentences starting with the conjugated verb viajar and introduce the mode of transportation preceded by en (in/by).
Eliminate the definite article.
Examples:
Mi familia siempre viaja en avión. - My family always travels by airplane.
Los amigos viajan en autobús. - The friends are traveling by bus.
Formulating Questions
Question Patterns to Ask About Travel:
¿Cómo viajas en general? - How do you travel in general?
Responses should include conjugated verbs, the word en, and the mode of transport.
Example Response: En general, yo viajo en coche. - In general, I travel by car.
Traveling Specific Questions
Examples:
¿Viajas en barco a veces? - Do you travel by boat sometimes?
Response: Sí, viajo en barco a veces. - Yes, I sometimes travel by boat.
Exercise
Translate sentences about how different people travel into Spanish.
6.4 Transportation That You Take
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about transportation that you take to travel
Recap of Previous Knowledge
Recent sections provided vocabulary about transportation and verbs related to travel (conducir and viajar).
Introduction to Tomar
The verb tomar means to take and is essential for travel discussions.
TOMAR: To Take
Verb Chart:
Yo tomo - I take
Tú tomas - You take (informal)
Ud., él, ella toma - You(form.) take; he/she takes
Nosotros tomamos - We take
Vosotros tomáis - You all take
Uds., ellos/ellas toman - All of you take; they take
Using Tomar for Transportation
To express taking transportation, conjugate tomar and include a definite or indefinite article.
Sample Sentences:
Mis amigos y yo tomamos un taxi en la ciudad de Nueva York. - My friends and I take a taxi in New York City.
José toma una limosina al teatro. - José takes a limousine to the theater.
Asking About Transportation Use
Question Structure:
¿Qué tipo de transporte tomas para viajar en general? - In general, what type of transportation do you take to travel?
Responses should conjugate tomar and include the appropriate article.
Example Response: En general, yo tomo un taxi. - In general, I take a taxi.
More specified questions can follow similar patterns.
Cultural Note
Annually, 15-16 million U.S. citizens travel to Mexico, with over 385,000 residing year-round.
Collaboration between U.S. authorities and Mexican officials is aimed at ensuring safety for travelers.
Exercise
Read and interpret a narrative, answering true or false questions about it.
6.5 Planning a Trip
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about taking a trip
Recap of Prior Sections
Discussed types of transportation and employed verbs like conducir, viajar, and tomar to talk about travel.
Planning a Trip Expressions
Introduced vocabulary and expressions useful for planning a trip, especially for Spanish-speaking destinations.
Para Hacer un Viaje: (In Order to Take a Trip)
Vocabulary List:
hacer un viaje: to take a trip
ir de vacaciones: to go on vacation
escoger un lugar: to choose a place
obtener el pasaporte: to get a passport
comprar los boletos: to buy tickets
de ida y vuelta: round trip
obtener los cheques viajeros: to get traveler’s checks
sacar dinero de la cajera automática: to take money out from an ATM
hacer la maleta: to pack a suitcase
sacar las fotos: to take pictures
la cámara: camera
Important Verbs Related to Trip Planning
OBTENER: To Get
OBTENER is both a go verb and an e-ie stem-changing verb.
Conjugation Chart:
Yo obtengo - I get
Tú obtienes - You get (informal)
Ud., él/ella obtiene - You(form.) get; he/she gets
Nosotros obtenemos - We get
Vosotros obtenéis - You all get (informal, Spain)
Uds., ellos/ellas obtienen - All of you get
Example Sentence: Ella obtiene los boletos para el viaje. - She is getting the tickets for the trip.
ESCOGER: To Choose
Irregular verb; spelling change occurs in yo form in the present tense.
Conjugation Chart:
Yo escojo - I choose
Tú escoges - You choose (informal)
Ud., él, ella escoge - You (formal) choose; he/she chooses
Nosotros escogemos - We choose
Vosotros escogéis - You all choose (informal, Spain)
Uds., ellos, ellas escogen - All of you choose; they choose
Example Sentence: Yo escojo el lugar para las vacaciones. - I am choosing the place for vacation.
Exercise
Complete exercises based on Rosa’s travel plans.
6.6 What You Are Planning on Doing
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about planning a trip
Prior Learning Review
Common phrases for trip planning introduced along with escoger and obtener.
Expression with Pensar
PENSAR: To Think
Conjugation is essential for planning discussions; it is an e-ie stem-changing verb.
PENSAR + INFINITIVE: To plan on doing something
Conjugation Chart:
Yo pienso - I plan on
Tú piensas - You plan on (informal)
Ud., él/ella piensa - You (formal); he/she plans on
Nosotros pensamos - We plan on
Vosotros pensáis - You all plan on (informal, Spain)
Uds., ellos/ellas piensan - All of you plan on; they plan on
Example Sentences:
Yo pienso ir de vacaciones. - I am planning on going on vacation.
Nosotros pensamos hacer un viaje a Florida. - We are planning on taking a trip to Florida.
PENSAR EN: To think about
Can be followed by a noun or a verb.
Example Sentences:
Eduardo piensa en hacer un viaje. - Eduardo is thinking about taking a trip.
Yo pienso en mi cámara nueva. - I am thinking about my new camera.
Questions to Reflect:
¿En qué piensas?
¿Qué piensas hacer?
Cultural Note
Spain is the third most visited country in Europe with 52 million visitors annually, following France and Italy.
Exercise
Respond to questions regarding trip planning.
6.7 Making a Reservation
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Make a hotel reservation
Overview of Prior Section
Learning about planning by utilizing pensar in expressions of intent.
Vocabulary for Hotel Reservations
New expressions for making hotel reservations, essential for visiting Spanish-speaking countries:
Para Hacer una Reserva: (To Make a Reservation)
Vocabulary Words:
hacer una llamada: to make a call
contestar: to answer
el hotel: hotel
hacer una reserva: to make a reservation
la recepción: front desk
¿En qué puedo servirle?: How can I help you?
la fecha de llegada: arrival date
la fecha de salida: departure date
una habitación: a hotel room
un ascensor: elevator
un balcón: a balcony
habitación de fumadores: smoking room
habitación de no fumadores: non-smoking room
la planta baja: the ground floor
una vista del océano: ocean view
con aire acondicionado: air-conditioned
lujoso: luxurious
Example Sentences
Examples Utilizing Vocabulary:
Mañana salgo para Madrid y necesito hacer una reserva en un hotel. - Tomorrow I am leaving for Madrid and I need to make a hotel reservation.
Necesito una habitación con aire acondicionado en la planta baja. - I need an air-conditioned room on the ground floor.
También quiero hacer una llamada a mi amigo cuando estoy en Madrid. - I also want to make a call to my friend when I am in Madrid.
Cultural Insight
Air conditioning is often considered a luxury in Europe, contrasting with widespread use in the U.S.
Exercise
Match vocabulary words/expressions to corresponding images.
6.8 Talking About Where You Are Staying
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about where you are staying
Recap of Prior Learning
Discussed hotel reservations and required vocabulary for stays.
Introducing Quedarse
The verb quedarse is used to discuss staying somewhere.
QUEDARSE: To Stay
Conjugation of Quedarse (Reflexive):
Me quedo - I stay
Te quedas - You stay
Ud., él, ella se queda - You (formal) stay; he/she stays
Nosotros nos quedamos - We stay
Vosotros os quedáis - You all stay
Uds., ellos/ellas se quedan - All of you stay
Example Sentences for Quedarse
Mi familia y yo nos quedamos en un hotel lujoso. - My family and I are staying in a luxurious hotel.
Ellos se quedan en una habitación grande. - They are staying in a big room.
Yo voy a quedarme en un hotel pequeño. - I am going to stay in a small hotel.
Questions Using Quedarse
Example Questions:
¿Te quedas en una habitación con una vista del océano? - Are you staying in a room with a view of the ocean?
No, pero me quedo en una habitación con un balcón. - No, but I am staying in a room with a balcony.
¿Se queda tu amigo en un hotel con aire acondicionado? - Is your friend staying in an air-conditioned hotel?
No, pero se queda en un hotel muy cerca de la playa. - No, but he is staying at a hotel very close to the beach.
¿Dónde te quedas tú cuando estás de vacaciones? - Where do you stay when you are on vacation?
Exercise
Write a conversation for making a hotel reservation in Spain for family.
6.9 In the Airport
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about what happens in an airport
Overview of Previous Learning
Resources on hotel reservations and discussions about hotel stays.
Vocabulary in the Airport
En el Aeropuerto: (In the Airport)
el aeropuerto: the airport
el vuelo: flight
la puerta: the gate
el equipaje: luggage
el equipaje de mano: carry-on luggage
facturar el equipaje: to check in the luggage
recoger el equipaje: to pick up the luggage
esperar en una cola: to wait in line
los trabajadores: the workers
la seguridad: security
la aduana: customs
Important Cultural Note
Punta Cana International Airport:
First privately owned international airport, established in the Dominican Republic, developed by Frank R. Rainieri.
Significant growth in passenger numbers since opening in 1984.
Exercise
Match Spanish vocabulary with examples.
6.10 In the Airplane
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Talk about what happens on an airplane
Recap of Previous Section
Vocabulary concerning airport navigation and check-in discussed.
Continuing Air Travel Vocabulary
En el Avión: (In the Airplane)
abordar: to board
volar (o-ue): to fly
despegar: to take off
aterrizar: to land
servir (e-i): to serve
el asiento: seat
los pasajeros: passengers
la azafata /el azafato: airline attendant
el piloto: pilot
primera clase: first-class
clase economía: business class
Importance of Volar and Servir
VOLAR: To Fly - o-ue stem-changing verb.
Conjugation Chart:
Yo vuelo - I fly
Tú vuelas - You fly
Ud., él/ella vuela - You (formal) fly; he/she flies
Nosotros volamos - We fly
Vosotros voláis - You all fly
Uds., ellos/ellas vuelan - All of you fly; they fly
Examples:
Tú vuelas mucho para tu trabajo. - You fly a lot for your job.
Nosotros volamos a Hawaii este verano. - We are flying to Hawaii this summer.
SERVIR: To Serve - e-i stem-changing verb.
Conjugation Chart:
Yo sirvo - I serve
Tú sirves - You serve
Ud., él/ella sirve - You serve; he/she serves
Nosotros servimos - We serve
Vosotros servís - You all serve
Uds., ellos/ellas sirven - All of you serve
Examples:
La azafata sirve unos cacahuetes. - The airline attendant serves peanuts.
Las azafatas me sirven la cena. - The airline attendants serve me dinner.
Exercise
Validate true or false statements about experiences on an airplane.
6.11 Preferences
Section Objectives
You will learn to:
Talk about what you prefer and prefer to do
Ask questions about what people prefer
Mention things you prefer instead of others
Overview of Previous Section
Focused on airplane vocabulary and critical verbs like volar and servir.
Introduction to Preferir
The verb preferir is crucial for discussing preferences.
Preferir is an e-ie stem-changing verb.
Conjugation indeed matters:
Yo prefiero - I prefer
Tú prefieres - You prefer (informal)
Ud., él, ella prefiere - You (formal)/he/she prefers.
Nosotros preferimos - We prefer.
Vosotros preferís - You all prefer (informal, Spain).
Uds., ellos, ellas prefieren - All of you prefer.
How to Discuss Preferences
When expressing what you prefer, conjugate preferir and then cite the preferred object or activity.
Example Patterns:
Objects:
Yo prefiero la comida italiana para la cena esta noche. - I prefer Italian food for dinner tonight.
Activities:
Ella prefiere correr todas las mañanas. - She prefers to run every morning.
La familia prefiere ir de compras todos los sábados. - The family prefers to go shopping every Saturday.
Asking About Preferences
Question Models:
¿Qué prefieres hacer? - What do you prefer to do?
Response example: Yo prefiero leer las novelas. - I prefer to read novels.
Specific preference comparisons:
Question: ¿Prefieres la comida Mexicana o la comida italiana? - Do you prefer Mexican or Italian food?
Answer: Yo prefiero la comida mexicana. - I prefer Mexican food.
Cultural Note on Water Preferences
Spanish people typically prefer drinking room temperature water even at restaurants.
How to Express Preferences Instead of Others
Use the expression en vez de (instead of).
Nouns: Yo prefiero las bananas en vez de las manzanas. - I prefer bananas instead of apples.
Verbs: Ella prefiere nadar en vez de hacer aeróbicos. - She prefers to swim instead of doing aerobics.
Exercise
Craft sentences based on given word pairs regarding preferences.
6.12 A Review!
Section Objective
You will learn to:
Review the major concepts from Sections 6.1-6.12
Overview of Transportation Vocabulary
Modes of Transportation:
el metro: subway
el avión: airplane
el tren: train
la motocicleta: motorcycle
el autobús: bus
el taxi: taxi
el coche/el carro: car
el barco: ship
How You Travel
Introduced verbs viajar, conducir, and tomar, essential for travel discussions.
Examples:
Viajar: Nosotros siempre viajamos por avión. - We always travel by airplane.
Conducir: Yo conduzco un coche deportivo. - I drive a sports car.
Tomar: Ellos toman el autobús a trabajar. - They take the bus to work.
Planning a Trip
Use of expressions such as pensar + infinitive and pensar + en for effective trip planning.
Examples:
¿Piensas hacer un viaje? - Are you planning to take a trip?
Nosotros pensamos en ir a la playa. - We are thinking about going to the beach.
Making Reservations
Vocabulary necessary for hotel room reservations, including la habitación, la planta baja, and la vista del océano.
In the Airport and In the Airplane
Key vocabulary for airport travel and experiences aboard an airplane covered.
Conclusion on Preferences and the Verb Poder
Discuss the verb poder, which is also an e-ie stem-changing verb for expressing capability, using the structure poder + infinitive.
Final Exercise
Ejercicio: Translate travel-related sentences into Spanish.
Reading Exercise
Read and understand provided text, answering comprehension quiz questions regarding the content.