1 Renewable and non-renewable energy

Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy

• Presentation by Mr. Ivan

Objectives

• Understand differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources.

• Identify examples of renewable and non-renewable energy.

• Discuss environmental impact of energy sources.

• Understand importance of transitioning to renewable energy.

Introduction

• Importance of electricity in daily lives.

• Renewable Energy: Sources that replenish naturally (e.g., Solar, Wind).

• Non-Renewable Energy: Finite sources that can be depleted (e.g., Coal, Natural Gas).

Energy Sources

Renewable Energy Sources

• Solar

• Biomass

• Hydropower

• Geothermal

• Wind

Non-Renewable Energy Sources

• Oil

• Coal

• Nuclear

• Natural gas

Fossil Fuels

• Formed from ancient plants and animals.

• Coal: Fossilized trees. Oil: Fossilized marine organisms.

Coal Formation

• Formation process: Heat and pressure on swamp peat over time.

Oil Formation

• Small marine organisms trap gas in impermeable and porous sedimentary rocks.

• Formation of oil and natural gas.

Electricity Production from Fossil Fuels

• Fossil-fuel power station converts fuel to steam for turbine rotation and electricity generation.

Environmental Impact

• Burning fossil fuels produces:

  • Carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas)

  • Pollution

Advantages and Disadvantages of Non-Renewable Resources

• Advantages:

  • Constant electricity production

  • Reliability

  • Readily available.

• Disadvantages:

  • Carbon emissions

  • Climate change

  • Pollution.

Renewable Resources: Solar Energy

• Solar cells convert light energy into electricity.

Solar Cell Functionality

• Photovoltaic cells generate voltage from sunlight.

• Multiple cells connect for higher voltage.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Energy

• Advantages:

  • Usable in homes/small devices.

  • Works in remote locations.

  • Minimal operational greenhouse gas emissions.

• Disadvantages:

  • Ineffective at night.

  • High production costs.

  • Some emissions during manufacturing.

Renewable Resources: Geothermal Energy

• Uses Earth's heat for:

  • Heating homes/water.

  • Electricity generation.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy

• Advantages:

  • Renewable source; won't be depleted.

  • Low operational emissions.

• Disadvantages:

  • High construction costs.

  • Some greenhouse gases during infrastructure build.

Hands-On Experiment

• Inflate a balloon as a representation of wind energy; relate it to wind turbines.

Renewable Resources: Wind Energy

• Wind turbines generate electricity using turbine and generator.

• Groups of turbines are called wind farms.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Energy

• Advantages:

  • Timely electricity generation.

  • Renewable; won't run out.

  • Low operational emissions.

• Disadvantages:

  • Unpredictable output.

  • Noise and wildlife impact.

  • High offshore construction costs.

Renewable Resources: Hydroelectricity

• Generates electricity via dams:

  • Water flows from reservoirs, turning turbines and generating electricity.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity

• Advantages:

  • On-demand electricity generation.

  • Renewable and emission-free during operation.

• Disadvantages:

  • Expensive setup.

  • Environmental impacts from flooding.

Renewable Resources: Biofuels

• Made from biomass; includes wood, bioethanol, biodiesel, and biogas.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Biofuels

• Advantages:

  • Usable in remote areas.

  • Obtained from waste.

• Disadvantages:

  • Produce carbon emissions.

  • Higher costs than fossil fuels.

  • Land-intensive for crop production.

  • Not all vehicles are biofuel compatible.

Conclusion

• Importance of transitioning to renewable energy sources.

• Discuss future energy and students' roles.