IB Master Root/Stem Word List (1-20)

Root/Stem List #1

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

1-1 ante (before) antedate, antecedent, antebellum, anterior, ante meridiem, antepenult Latin

1-2 anti (against) anti-aircraft, antibody, anticlimax, anticline, antitoxin, antithesis Greek

1-3 bi (two) bilateral, bicycle, binary, bimonthly, biped, bipolar, binocular, bicuspid Latin

1-4 circum (around) circumnavigate, circumspect, circumvent, circumlocution, circus Latin

1-5 con (together) contract, confidence, confine, confederate, conjunction, contact Latin

1-6 com (together) combination, comfort, commensurate, common, complete, combo Latin

1-7 de (down) deposit, descent, despicable, denounce, deduct, demolish, decrepit, deplete Latin

1-8 dis (away) distract, distort, dispute, dissonant, disperse, dismiss, dissuade, disprove Latin

1-9 equi (equal) equitable, equilateral, equivocate, equinox, equation, equilibrium Latin

1-10 extra (beyond) extraterrestrial, extraordinary, extravagant, extrovert, extramural Latin

1-11 inter (between) international, interdepartmental, interstellar, interject, interlude Latin

1-12 intra (within) intracellular, intravenous, intracranial, intrastate, intrauterine Latin

1-13 intro (into) introduce, introspective, introvert, introject, introrse, intromission Latin

1-14 mal (bad) malevolent, malcontent, malicious, malign, malady, malapropism, malonym Latin

1-15 mis (bad) misfit, mistake, misfortune, misfire, misery, miser, misdeed, misguided Germanic

1-16 non (not) nonstop, nonprofit, none, nonconformity, nonplussed, nonchalant Latin

1-17 post (after) postgraduate, posthumous, postscript, posterity, posterior, postlude Latin

1-18 pre (before) prelude, preposition, premonition, premature, predict, predecessor Latin

1-19 semi (half) semitone, semiaquatic, semicircle, semiweekly, semiannual, semiformal Latin

1-20 sub (under) subterranean, subtract, subordinate, submarine, subterfuge, substantial Latin

1-21 super (over) supervise, superb, superior, superfluous, supercilious, supernatural Latin

1-22 syn (together) synthetic, synchronize, syndrome, synonym, synopsis, syntax Greek

1-23 sym (together) sympathy, symbiosis, symbol, symmetry, symphony, symposium Greek

1-24 tri (three) tricycle, triangle, triceps, triad, trichotomy, triceratops, trivia, trialogue Greek

1-25 un (not) unfit, unequal, undone, unequivocal, unearned, unconventional, untenable Old English

Root/Stem List #2

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

2-1 archy (government) monarchy, oligarchy, hierarchy, anarchy, matriarchal, patriarch Greek

2-2 ard (always) drunkard, coward, braggart, laggard, dullard, sluggard, dotard Germanic

2-3 cide (kill) herbicide, homicide, matricide, suicide, regicide, genocide, fratricide Latin

2-4 ician (specialist) technician, musician, beautician, physician, statistician, clinician Latin

2-5 itis (inflammation) appendicitis, tonsillitis, bursitis, arthritis, gastroenteritis Greek

2-6 aqua (water) aquarium, aquatic, aquaplane, aqueduct, aquifer, aqueous, semiaquatic Latin

2-7 audi (hear) audiophile, audience, audition, auditory, audiometer, audit, audiology Latin

2-8 bell (war) bellicose, belligerent, bellow, rebel, antebellum, counterbellum Latin

2-9 cap (take) capture, captive, captor, captious, captivate, captivity, caption, capsule Latin

2-10 cise (cut) excise, incisors, incision, incisive, precise, concise, decision, decisive Latin

2-11 bio (life) biography, biology, biomorphic, biochemistry, exobiology, biogenesis Greek

2-12 auto (self) autobiography, automobile, autograph, automatic, automaton, autocracy Greek

2-13 port (carry) transport, import, report, porter, deport, important, portage, portly, comport Greek

2-14 scrib (write) scribble, inscribe, scribe, describe, conscription, transcribe, ascribe Latin

2-15 logy (science of) biology, anthropology, geology, entomology, philology, mythology Greek

2-16 dict (say) dictionary, predict, malediction, dictation, addict, interdict, contradict Latin

2-17 cred (believe) credit, incredible, credible, incredulous, discredited, credibility, credence Latin

2-18 cent (one hundred) century, bicentennial, centimeter, centipede, centurion Latin

2-19 neo (new) neologism, neophyte, neon, neolithic, neoclassic, neoPlatonist, neonatal Greek

2-20 ad (to) adhesive, adapt, addendum, addition, adherent, addict, advent, advocate Latin

2-21 cede (go) recede, precede, antecedent, proceed, secede, concede, intercede, succeed Latin

2-22 miss (send) dismiss, remiss, missile, admission, missionary, emission, promissory Latin

2-23 centri (center) centrifugal, centripetal, centrist, concentric, decentralize, eccentric Greek

2-24 biblio (book) bibliography, bibliophile, biliolatry, bible, bibliomania, bibliophobia Greek

2-25 anthropo (man) anthropology, anthropomorphic, anthropoid, lycanthrope, misanthrope Greek

Root/Stem List #3

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

3-1 homo (same) homogenize, homonym, homophone, homologous, homozygous Greek

3-2 spec (look) spectacles, spector, speck, specious, spectrum, respect, inspect, prospectus Latin

3-3 duct (lead) conduct, ductile, induct, product, reduction, deduction, reproduction Latin

3-4 fer (carry) transfer, infer, refer, defer, ferry, confer, Lucifer, aquifer, auriferous Latin

3-5 pend (hang) pending, pendulum, pendant, impending, depend, pendulous, suspend Latin

3-6 micro (small) micron, microscope, microwave, microphone, microcosm, microbiotic Latin

3-7 hydro (water) hydroplane, hydroponics, dehydrate, hydrant, hydrogen, hydrophobia Greek

3-8 photo (light) photograph, photometer, photon, photogenic, photosynthesis Greek

3-9 pan (all) panorama, panoply, pandemic, pantheism, pantheon, panamerican Greek

3-10 penta (five) pentagram, pentagon, pentameter, pentathlon, pentarchy, pentahedron Greek

3-11 tele (far) telescope, telephone, telekinesis, telepathy, teleology, telesthesia, telex Greek

3-12 vid (look) video, invidious, Montevideo, evidence, provide, videogenic, vide, videlicet Latin

3-13 omni (all) omnifarious, omnipotent, omnivorous, omniscient, omnibus, omnipresent Latin

3-14 ex (out) exit, except, excise, exculpate, excommunicate, exorbitant, eccentric Latin

3-15 poly (many) polyphony, polygyny, polygamy, allopolyploidy, polyvalent Greek

3-16 re (again) return, review, retouch, reiterate, retail, revive, regenerate, regurgitate Latin

3-17 hyp (under) hypodermic, hypocrite, hypotenuse, hypothermia, hypothesis Greek

3-18 pseudo (false) pseudonym, pseudopod, pseudomorphic, pseudoscience, pseudopregnancy Greek

3-19 neuro (nerve) neuron, neurosurgeon, neurosis, neurology, neuralgia, neurotomy Greek

3-20 tomy (cut) tonsillectomy, appendectomy, neurotomy, dichotomy, anatomy, lobotomy Greek

3-21 hema (blood) hematic, hematite, hematology, hematoma, hemal, hematogenesis Greek

3-22 proto (first) protoplasm, prototype, Protozoa, proton, protohuman, protomorphic Greek

3-23 phon (sound) symphony, telephone, phonetic, phonograph, euphony, cacophony Greek

3-24 mono (one) monotonous, monomanis, monocular, monogamous, monolithic, monotone Greek

3-25 viv (life) vivid, vivisection, vivacious, convivial, bon vivant, viva, viviparous, revive Greek

Root/Stem List #4

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

4-1 morph (shape) amorphous, morphology, polymorphously, mesomorph, protomorphic Greek

4-2 vest (clothes) vestry, vestment, vestibule, vest, investiture, divest, divestiture Latin

4-3 bene (good) benefit, benevolent, beneficial, benediction, benefactor, benign Latin

4-4 pond (weight) ponderous, ponder, preponderant, pound, imponderable, compound Latin

4-5 corp (body) corpulent, corporation, corporeal, corporal, corpse, corpuscle Latin

4-6 dorm (sleep) dormitory, dormant, dormer, dormancy, dormitive, dormient Latin

4-7 pater (father) paternalistic, patronize, paternity, patriarch, expatriate, paterfamilias Latin

4-8 nov (new) novel, nova, novice, novitiate, Nova Scotia, innovation, renovate Latin

4-9 punct (point) puncture, punctilious, punctuate, punctual, acupuncture, contrapuntal Latin

4-10 ject (throw) eject, reject, conjecture, dejected, inject, subject, projection, interject Latin

4-11 tion (act or state) completion, reaction, devastation, production, creation, transition Latin

4-12 loco (place) locomotion, location, local, locus, relocate, dislocate, localize, locomotor Latin

4-13 dox (opinion) orthodox, heterodox, doxology, indoctrinate, paradox Greek

4-14 amphi (both) amphibious, amphitheater, amphibian, amphigory, amphibolous Greek

4-15 magn (great) Magna Carta, magnanimous, magnate, magnificent, magnum opus Latin

4-16 eu (good) Eucharist, euphony, eulogy, euphemism, Europe, eugenics, euglena Greek

4-17 endo (within) endoplasm, endocrine, endogamous, endoskeleton, endothermic Greek

4-18 phobia (fear) claustrophobia, acrophobia, xenophobia, agoraphobia, hydrophobia Greek

4-19 ortho (straight) orthopedics, orthodontist, orthodox, orthography, orthogonal Greek

4-20 put (think) reputation, putative, impute, dispute, computer, disreputable Latin

4-21 ver (true) verify, veracity, veritable, verdict, verisimilitude, aver, verite Latin

4-22 matri (mother) matricide, matron, matriarch, matrimony, metropolis, matrilineal Latin

4-23 mega (large) megalith, megaphone, megalomania, megalopolis, megahertz, megatron Greek

4-24 pop (people) popular, populist, populate, populate, popularize, populous Latin

4-25 sangui (blood) sanguinary, sanguine, consanguinity, sangfroid, sangria, exsanguination Latin

Root/Stem List #5

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

5-1 vita (life) vitamin, vitality, vital, revitalize, viable, vitalism, devitalize Latin

5-2 demo (people) democracy, demography, undemocratic, democratize Greek

5-3 stereo (solid) stereoscope, stereophonic, stereotype, stereopticon, stereotropism Greek

5-4 ism (doctrine) Marxism, capitalism, Imagism, Cubism, nihilism, pluralism, tribalism Greek

5-5 cogn (know) recognize, cognizant, incognito, cognoscenti, cognomen, precognition Latin

5-6 sur (over) surplus, surpass, surcharge, surface, surfeit, surmount, surname, surtax Latin

5-7 alter (other) alternator, alteration, alter ego, alternative, altruism, altercation Latin

5-8 astr (star) astronomy, astrology, asteroid, disaster, asterisk, astrophysics, astrolabe Greek

5-9 dyna (power) dynamic, dynamo, dynamite, dynasty, dynamometer, dinosaur Greek

5-10 chron (time) chronometer, chronological, synchronize, chronic, anachronism Greek

5-11 hyper (over) hyperactive, hyperventilate, hyperbole, hyperacidity, hypertension Greek

5-12 luna (moon) lunar, lunatic, lunate, luna moth, lunette, sublunar, lunular Latin

5-13 octa (eight) octameter, octogenarian, octagon, octarchy, octave, octopus, octahedron Greek

5-14 gyro (turn) gyration, gyroscope, gyre, gyrate, spirogyra, gyromagnetic, gyrocompass Greek

5-15 contra (against) contradict, contrary, contrast, contrapuntal, contraband, contravene Latin

5-16 geo (earth) geography, geothermal, geology, geophysics, geometry, geosynchronous Greek

5-17 helio (sun) Helios, heliotropic, heliocentric, heliograph, perihelion, aphelion Greek

5-18 thermo (heat) thermostat, thermos, thermotropic, thermonuclear, thermocouple Greek

5-19 tetra (four) tetrameter, tetrahedron, tetroxide, tetragon, tetrachloride, tetracycline Greek

5-20 meter (measure) thermometer, millimeter, octameter, hydrometer, odometer Greek

5-21 scope (look) telescope, microscope, periscope, radarscope, horoscope, electroscope Greek

5-22 son (sound) sonar, unison, sonorous, song, sonnet, dissonance, resonant, supersonic Latin

5-23 dec (ten) decade, decaliter, decimal, decagon, decathlon, decimate, dodecahedron Greek

5-24 stell (star) interstellar, stelliform, stellar, constellation, stellate, stellify Latin

5-25 amat (love) amatory, amateur, amorous, amiable, amigo, amour-propre, amity Latin

Root/Stem List #6

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

6-1 germ (vital/related) germane, germinate, germicide, germinal, germ Latin

6-2 greg (group) gregarious, egregious, gregariously, segregate, congregate, aggregate Latin

6-3 mar (sea) marine, marina, ultramarine, maritime, mariner, marinate, submarine Latin

6-4 prim (first) prime, primary, primate, primogeniture, primeval, prima donna, primo Latin

6-5 pyro (fire) pyre, pyromaniac, pyrotechnic, pyrogenic, pyrophobia, pyrometer Greek

6-6 clam (cry out) clamorous, exclamation, clamor, exclamatory, clamant, declaim Latin

6-7 plu (more) plural, plurality, plus, pluralize, plural axial, pluralism, nonplussed Latin

6-8 tang (touch) tangible, tangent, tangle, tango, tangential, cotangent, intangible Latin

6-9 string (bind) stringent, string, stringy, astringent, stringer Latin

6-10 liber (free) liberate, liberty, liberal, libertine, deliberate, libertarian Latin

6-11 junct (join) junction, conjunction, juncture, disjunct, injunction, adjunct Latin

6-12 clud (close) exclude, include, preclude, exclusive, occlude, conclude, cloister Latin

6-13 se (apart) secede, secret, sedition, seduce, segregate, select, sedulous, separate Latin

6-14 trib (pay) tribute, tributary, contribution, attribute, diatribe, distribute Latin

6-15 dign (worthy) dignify, dignity, condign, dignitary, undignified, indignation Latin

6-16 luc (light) lucid, translucent, lucidity, pellucid, Lucifer, elucidate, lucent, lucubrate Latin

6-17 rupt (break) erupt, disrupt, rupture, corrupt, abrupt, uncorruptible Latin

6-18 grat (pleasing) gratifying, gratitude, ingrate, grateful, gratuitous, ingratiate Latin

6-19 medi (middle) median, mediate, medium, mediocre, mediterranean, in medias res Latin

6-20 soph (wisdom) sophomore, sophisticated, sophist, philosophy, pansophy, theosophy Greek

6-21 curr (run) current, undercurrent, currently, recurrent, currency, incur Latin

6-22 tempor (time) temporal, contemporary, temporize, temporarily, tempus fugit Latin

6-23 migr (wander) migrate, transmigration, migrant, migratory, emigrant, immigrant Latin

6-24 trans (across) transfer, translate, transmit, transfusion, translucent, transcend Latin

6-25 gamy (marriage) monogamy, polygamy, bigamy, gamete, autogamous, exogamy Greek

Root/Stem List #7

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

7-1 numer (number) enumerate, numeral, numerous, supernumeraries, numerology Latin

7-2 fort (strong) fortitude, fort,fortify, fortification, comfort, forte, fortissimo, pianoforte Latin

7-3 osteo (bone) osteopath, osteology, osteopathy, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteotomy Greek

7-4 ornith (bird) ornithology, ornithologist, ornithopter, ornithomancy, ornithosis Greek

7-5 polis (city) metropolis, megalopolis, police, polite, policy, acropolis, necropolis Greek

7-6 fus (pour) transfusion, infusion, refuse, fusillade, fusion, infuse, confusion Latin

7-7 ego (I) egomaniac, egocentric, egotistical, egotist, egotize, egoism, alter ego Latin

7-8 spir (breathe) inspire, respiration, perspiration, expire, spirit, aspire, conspire Latin

7-9 dia (across) diagonal, diameter, dialogue, dialect, diatribe, diaphanous, dialectic Greek

7-10 acr (sharp) acrimonious, acerbity, acrid, acridine, acrimony, acerate Latin

7-11 acro (height) acrobat, acronym, acropolis, acrophobia, acromegaly, acrocarpous Greek

7-12 culp (blame) culprit, culpable, exculpate, inculpate, exculpatory Latin

7-13 derm (skin) dermatologist, dermatitis, pachyderm, hypodermic, ectoderm, endoderm Greek

7-14 zo (animal) zoo, protozoa, zoophilous, zooplankton, zoophagous, Mesozoic, zodiac Greek

7-15 per (through) perception, perforation, percolate, perambulate, pergrination Greek

7-16 pac (peace) pacify, pacific, pacifist, pacifier, pacifism, Pax Romana, pacification Latin

7-17 brev (short) brevity, abbreviation, breve, breviary, brevirostrate, brief Latin

7-18 necro (death) necropolis, necromancer, necrophobia, necrotic, necrobiosis Latin

7-19 urb (city) urban, urbane, suburbs, urbanite, urbanologist, urbanism Latin

7-20 pugn (fight) pugnacious, repugnant, pugilist, impugn, oppugn, inexpugnable Latin

7-21 ecto (outer) ectoderm, ectozoa, ectomorph, ectothermic, ectoplasm, ectoparasite Greek

7-22 plasto (molded) plastic, dermoplasty, rhinoplasty, plaster, plasticity, plastid Greek

7-23 agog (leader) demagogue, pedagogue, synagogue, agogics, pedagogy, mystagogue Greek

7-24 cle (small) molecule, corpuscle, follicle, miniscule, ventricle, particle, vesicle Latin

7-25 il (not) illegal, illiterate, illicit, ill-mannered, illogical, illegible, illiberal Latin

Root/Stem List #8

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

8-1 sed (sit) sedentary, sediment, sedan, sedative, sedate, supercede, insidious Latin

8-2 leg (read) legible, legend, illegible, legendary, legibility, alleged Latin

8-3 anim (mind) equanimity, animal, animated, animosity, animosity, magnanimous Latin

8-4 tort (twist) contorted, torture, tortuous, retort, distort, tortuous, tort, tortilla Latin

8-5 nym (name) homonym, acronym, pseudonym, anonymous, patronymic, anomaly Greek

8-6 sanct (holy) sanctity, sanctimonious, sacrosanct, sanctuary, unsanctioned, sanctify Latin

8-7 meta (change) metamorphosis, metaphor, metaphysics, metastasize, metabolism Greek

8-8 petr (rock) petrify, petroleum, petrology, petroglyph, petrophilous, petrochemical Latin

8-9 mir (wonder) miracle, mirage, mirror, mirabile dictu, admire, mirabilia, miracle play Latin

8-10 man (hand) manual, manicure, manipulate, manacles, amanuensis, legerdemain Latin

8-11 rect (right) correct, rectitude, direct, rectilinear, rectangle, rectify, rector, erect Latin

8-12 volv (roll) revolve, involved, devolve, convoluted, volvox, revolution, volvulus Latin

8-13 demi (half) demigod, demitasse, demisemiquaver, demiurge, demimonde, demirep Latin

8-14 retro (backward) retroactive, retrofire, retrogress, retrospection, retrofit, retrorse Latin

8-15 sens (feel) sense, sensitive, sensation, sensory, extrasensory, insensate Latin

8-16 fy (make) fortify, rectify, horrify, solidify, reify, transmogrify, sanctify, pacify Latin

8-17 ocul (eye) binocular, monocular, ocular, oculist, oculomotor nerve, oculometer Latin

8-18 cur (care for) cure, curator, curative, cure-all, sinecure, secure, curate Latin

8-19 ultra (beyond) ultramarine, ultraconservative, ultraviolet, ultramundane Latin

8-20 oid (appearance) android (droid!), anthropoid, asteroid, adenoid, xyloid, haploid Greek

8-21 gest (carry) gestation, ingest, congestion, gesticulate, gesture Latin

8-22 apt (fit) adapt, aptitude, maladapted, adaptation, aptly, aptness Latin

8-23 tact (touch) tactile, contact, tactics, tactician, tactful, intact Latin

8-24 voc (voice) vociferously, vocal, sotto voce, invocation, vocabulary, convocation Latin

8-25 rid (laugh) ridicule, deride, derision, risibility, ridiculous Latin

Root/Stem List #9

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

9-1 path (feeling) sympathy, pathetic, pathos, telepathy, empathy, apathy, idiopathy Greek

9-2 a- (not) amoral, amorphous, atheist, apathy, agraphia, apolitical, aphasia, achromatic Greek

9-3 nomy (law) astronomy, economy, Deuteronomy, taxonomy, heteronomy, nomothetic Greek

9-4 fid (faith) infidel, fidelity, confidence, diffident, bona fide, fiduciary, perfidy Latin

9-5 caco (bad) cacophony, cacography, cacodemon, cacoethes, cacodyl, cacology Greek

9-6 hetero (different) heterodox, heteromorphic, heterogeneous, heterosexual, heteronym Greek

9-7 sci (know) science, conscience, prescience, omniscience, scientism, sciomancy Latin

9-8 graph (write) bibliography, photograph, autograph, polygraph, stenography Greek

9-9 lat (side) bilateral, unilateral, lateral fin, multilateral, collateral, latitude, translate Latin

9-10 lith (rock) neolithic, paleolithic, lithograph, megalith, monolith, lithium, laccolith Greek

9-11 tract (pull) tractor, detract, retraction, attractive, protractor, contract, traction Latin

9-12 in (in or not) inscribe, insane, infidel, indefinite, incorrigible, insomnia Latin

9-13 co (together) cooperate, coordinating, coterminous, colloquy, coauthor, cotangent Latin

9-14 phile (love) philosopher, audiophile, bibliophile, philologist, philanthropy Greek

9-15 ine (nature of) porcine, crystalline, saturnine, canine, ursine, vulpine, bovine Greek

9-16 -ar (relating to) pulsar, stellar, lunar, solar, secular, columnar, linear, circular Latin

9-17 hexa (six) hexagram, hexagon, hexapod, hexameter, hexahedron, hexarchy Greek

9-18 fract (break) fracture, infraction, fraction, refraction, refractory, fractious Latin

9-19 platy (flat) plateau, platyhelminthes, platypus, plate, platitude, platyrrhine Greek

9-20 theo (god) theology, pantheism, atheism, monotheism, apotheosis, henotheism Greek

9-21 fin (end) final, define, infinite, finial, finis, Finisterre, infinitive, fin de siecle Latin

9-22 hedron (sided object) polyhedron, tetrahedron, heptahedron, octahedron, icosahedron Greek

9-23 ambul (walk) ambulatory, somnambulism, funambulist, ambulance, perambulate Latin

9-24 ous (full of) luminous, glorious, loquacious, vivacious, garrulous, anomalous, zealous Latin

9-25 topo (place) topographical, topology, topic, topiary, toponym, topognosia Greek

Root/Stem List #10

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

10-1 ped (foot or child) orthopedist, pedagogue, centipede, expedition, pedestrian, pedestal Latin

102 mort (death) mortal, mortician, mortified, immortality, mortuary, moribund Latin

10-3 carn (flesh) carnivorous, incarnate, reincarnated, carnival, carnation, carnage Latin

10-4 psych (soul) psychology, psychic, psychopathic, parapsychology, psychosis Greek

10-5 ethno (race or culture) ethnocentrism, ethnic group, ethnography, ethnologist Greek

10-6 gen (origin) genetics, hydrogen, progeny, engender, gene, ingenuous, indigenous Greek

10-7 nat (born) prenatal, native, natural, nativity, nation, nascent, natal, perinatal Latin

10-8 paleo (old) paleozoic, paleolithic, paleontologist, paleoanthropic, paleography Greek

10-9 curs (run) cursive, discursive, incursion, precursor, cursory, cursorial, cursor Latin

10-10 crypt (hidden) cryptic, cryptology, crypt, cryptogram, encrypt, cryptesthesia Greek

10-11 cad (fall) cascade, cadaver, cadence, cadenza, cadaverous, decadent Latin

10-12 capit (head) decapitate, capital, recapitulate, capitulation, capitulum Latin

10-13 loqu (talk) loquacious, circumlocution, eloquent, soliloquy, somniloquy, dialogue Latin

10-14 sacro (holy) sacrosanct, sacred, sacrifice, sacrament, sacrilege, consecrate Latin

10-15 uni (one) unicycle, universe, united, union, uniform, unison, unique, unicorn Latin

10-16 ness (quality) softness, redness, politeness, kindness, darkness, vagueness Old English

10-17 alt (high) altitude, alto, altimeter, altar, altocumulus, altiplano Latin

10-18 ics (art) politics, economics, aesthetics, graphics, ethics, calisthenics Greek

10-19 iso (equal) isothermal, isometric, isosceles, isomer, isocracy, isotope Greek

10-20 vert (turn) convert, revert, inverted, divert, vertex, controvert, extrovert, introvert Latin

10-21 ate (cause) domesticate, implicate, create, procreate, insinuate, placate, dominate Latin

10-22 cor (heart) core, concord, discord, misericord, cordial, courageous Latin

10-23 ess (female) lioness, empress, princess, baroness, seamstress, governess Greek

10-24 muta (change) mutant, mutation, mutagenic, mutable, transmutation, immutable Latin

10-25 fug (flee) centrifuge, fugitive, tempus fugit, subterfuge, refugee, fugue Latin

Good to see everyone is working on this now. :)

Root/Stem List #11

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

11-1 -i (plural) bacilli, fungi, nuclei, alumni, magi, octopi, gemini, homunculi, literati Latin

11-2 jus (law) justice, justify, unjust, justification, jus soli, justiciary Latin

11-3 lum (light) luminary, luminous, illuminate, luminiferous, superluminous Latin

11-4 ann (year) annual, superannuated, anniversary, annuity, perennial Latin

11-5 apo (away or up) apotheosis, apogee, apoplexy, apology, aphelion, apostasy Greek

11-6 sen (old) senile, senior, senator, seniority, senescent, senate Latin

11-7 sol (alone) solitude, solitary, solo, soliloquy, desolate, consolidate, solipsism, solifidian Latin

11-8 bas (low) bass, base, basic, basal, bassoon, debase, contrabase, abase, bas-relief, bastard Latin

11-9 rogat (ask) interrogation, abrogate, derogatory, arrogate, supererogatory Latin

11-10 parl (speak) parliament, parley, parlor, parlance, parlando Latin

11-11 potent (power) potential, potentiometer, potentate, plenipotentiary, omnipotent Latin

11-12 surg (rise) resurgence, insurgence, surge, surgent, assurgent, insurgency, Latin

11-13 log (word or reason) logic, neologism, philologist, logican, illogical, monologue, dialogue Greek

11-14 gram (writing) telegram, pentagram, hexagram, hologram, grammar, anagram, astrogram Greek

11-15 cant (sing) recant, cantata, incantation, descant, canticle, canto, cantina Latin

11-16 reg (rule) regal, regiment, regulate, regent, interregnum, regicide, regime Latin

11-17 pro (forward) provide, pronounce, program, prognosticate, prospect, prognosis, prolix Greek

11-18 gyn (woman) androgynous, gynecologist, polygyny, misogynist, gynephobia Greek

11-19 ag (to do) agile, agent, agency, agitate, aggression, aggrade, agree Latin

11-20 act (to do) transact, react, action, activate, abreact, counteract, interact Greek

11-21 mob (move) mobility, mobile, immobile, mobilize, demobilize Latin

11-22 sess (sit) session, sessile, insessorial, sessility, obsessed Latin

11-23 fic (make) fortification, fiction, prolific, horrific, soporific Latin

11-24 nounce (tell) denounce, pronounce, announce, renounce, enunciate Latin

11-25 andro (man) androgynous, android, androgens, androphobia, polyandry Greek

Root/Stem List #12

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

12-1 an- (without) anemia, anechoic, anaerobic, anorexia, anarchy Greek

12-2 ab (away) abnormal, abjure, absent, abroad, abrogate, abrupt, abduct, abdicate Latin

12-3 mel (song) melody, melodrama, melodeon, melodious, melodia Greek

12-4 aden (gland) adenoid, adenine, adenoma, adenovirus Greek

12-5 aer (air) aerobic, aerie, aerosol, aerial, aerobes, aerodynamics, malaria Greek

12-6 alb (white) albumen, alba, album, albino, albinism, albedo Latin

12-7 ase (enzyme) permease, galactosidase, proteinase, luciferase Greek

12-8 epi (on) epicenter, epidemic, epigram, epidermis, epigraph, epitaph Greek

12-9 hum (earth) humus, exhume, posthumous, humble, humiliate, human Latin

12-10 -be (life) microbe, aerobe, anaerobe Greek

12-11 bon (good) bonny, bonanza, bon mot, bonus, bon vivant, bonhomie, bona fide Latin

12-12 struct (build) construct, destruct, substructure, instruction, structure, infrastructure Latin

12-13 chlor (green) chlorophyll, chlorine, chloroplasts, chlorella Greek

12-14 cyan (blue) pyocyanin, cyanide, cyan, cyanophyta, cyanosis, cyanotype Greek

12-15 cyt (cell) erythrocyte, leucocyte, cytology, cytoplasm, melanocyte Greek

12-16 diplo (double) diplococcus, diploid, diplomacy, diplopoda, diplopia Greek

12-17 dys (bad) dysentery, dyslexia, dystrophy, dysfunction, dysphonia Greek

12-18 eco (house) ecology, economy, ecosystem, ecotone, economist, ecologist Greek

12-19 emia (blood) bacteremia, anemia, hypoglycemia, toxemia Greek

12-20 enter (intestine) enteritis, dysentery, gastroenteritis, enterozoan Latin

12-21 erythro (red) erythrocyte, erythroblastosis, erythrism, erythromycin Greek

12-22 idio (peculiar) idiot, idiosyncrasy, idiomorphous, idiom, idiot savant Greek

12-23 exo (out) exotoxin, exogenous, exodus, exorbitant, exorcism, exotic, exobiology Greek

12-24 im (not) impossible, impassable, improbable, imperfect, immobile, impecunious Latin

12-25 fil (thread) filiform, filicinease, filament, filaria, filigree, defile Latin

Root/Stem List #13

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

13-1 chrom (color) chrome, chromite, chromosome, polychrome, monochrome Greek

13-2 form (shape) coliform, formation, formative, formula, uniform, oviform, reform Latin

13-3 sequ (follow) consecutive, sequence, sequel, obsequious, consequence, subsequent Latin

13-4 glyc (sweet) glycemia, glycerin, glycerol, glycogen, hypoglycemia, glucose Greek

13-5 hemo (blood) hemoglobin, hemorrhage, hemophilia, hemolysis, hemoid, hemostat Greek

13-6 ultima (last) ultimate, ultimatum, penultimate, Ultima Thule, ultimogeniture Latin

13-7 infra (beneath) infraorbital, infrared, infrasonic, infr dig, infralapsarianism Latin

13-8 leuko (white) leukocyte, leukemia, leucocytosis, leucite, leucoplast, leucocratic Greek

13-9 lys (break down) hemolysis, electrolysis, electrolyte, analysis, dialysis, lysis Greek

13-10 meso (middle) mesophilic, mezzotint, mesomorph, Mesozoic, Mesopotamia, mesophyll Greek

13-11 milli (thousandth) millimeter, millipede, milligram, milliliter, million, millimicron Latin

13-12 mem (remember) memory, memorandum, commemorate, memorial, memo, memoir Latin

13-13 gress (step) congress, egress, digress, progress, aggression, regress, ingress Latin

13-14 labor (work) laborious, labor, collaborate, laboratory, elaborate, labored Latin

13-15 myo (muscle) myocardium, myopia, myoglobin, myogram, myocarditis, myotomy Greek

13-16 vac (empty) vacant, vacuum, vacation, evacuate, vacuous, vacuole, vauity Latin

13-17 oligo (few or small) oligosaccharide, oligarchy, oligocarpous, Oligocene, oligoclase Greek

13-18 ose (sugar) lactose, fructose, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, dextroglucose Greek

13-19 osis (condition) neurosis, psychosis, ichthyosis, erythrobloastosis, thrombosis, meiosis Greek

13-20 tude (state of) pulchritude, multitude, solitude, turpitude, rectitude, aptitude, similitude Latin

13-21 patho (disease) pathogenic, psychopath, sociopath, pathological, idiopathic Greek

13-22 pahg (eat) phagocyte, bacteriophage, geophagy, anthropophagite, sarcophagus Greek

13-23 phor (carry) euphoria, conidophore, metaphor, chromatophore, dysphoria, anaphora Greek

13-24 phyt (plant) phytotoxin, sporophyte, neophyte, gametophyte, phytochrome Greek

13-25 phyll (leaf) chlorophyll, phyllotaxis, phyllopod, phyllophagous, monophyllous Greek

Root/Stem List #14

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

14-1 pleo (more) pleomorphic, pleonasm, pleochroic, Pilocene, pleophagous, pleopod Greek

14-2 pod (foot) pseudopod, arthropod, diplopoda, cephalopod, podiatrist, gastropod Greek

14-3 soror (sister) sorority, sororicide, sorosis, sororize, sororal, sorites Latin

14-4 -a (plural) data, phenomena, bacteria, Cephalopoda, phyla, effluvia, trivia Greek

14-5 val (worth) valiant, valid, equivalent, devaluate, evaluate, ambivalent, covalent Latin

14-6 para (beside, near) parable, parapsychology, parabola, paradigm, paradox, paraphrase Greek

14-7 dom (rule) dominate, predominant, dominion, domineering, subdominant, domain Latin

14-8 erg (work) energy, ergonomics, erg-second, ergatocracy, exergonic, synergy Greek

14-9 rhiz (root) rhizoid, rhizome, rhizomorphous, rhizophagous, rhizanthous Greek

14-10 sapro (rotten) saprophytic, saprophyte, saprogenic, saprolite, saprophilous Greek

14-11 schizo (divide) Schizomycetes, schizophrenia, schism, schizocarp, schizoid, schizopod Greek

14-12 hippo (horse) hippopotamus, hippodrome, hippogriff, hipparch, eohippus Greek

14-13 som (body) somatic, chromosome, lysosome, somatoplasm, psychosomatic, somatology Latin

14-14 spor (seed) endospore, sporophyte, sporangia, Sporozoa, sporogenesis, macrospore Greek

14-15 sta (stop) hemostat, stasis, station, stationary, status quo, apostasy, static, hypostatize Latin

14-16 rhodo (rose) rhododendron, rhodolite, Rhode Island, rhodium Greek

14-17 taxis (arrangement) syntax, chemotaxis, taxidermy, phyllotaxis, taxonomy, ataxia Greek

14-18 vol (will) volunteer, malevolent, benevolent, volition, involuntary, volatile Latin

14-19 frat (brother) fraternity, fraternal, fratricide, fraternize Latin

14-20 trich (hair) monotrichous, trichina, trichocysts, trichinosis, trichosis Greek

14-21 troph (nourishment) autotroph, eutrophication, atrophy, dystrophy, trophism Greek

14-22 tox (poison) toxin, toxoid, nontoxic, antitoxin, detoxification, toxicity, phytotoxins Greek

14-23 sect (cut) dissect, intersection, vivisection, bisect, section, sectarian, sector Latin

14-24 zygo (yoke) zygote, zygospore, zygodactyl, zygomorphic, zygoid, zygoptera Greek

14-25 zym (ferment) enzyme, zymology, zymurgy, zymogenesis, zymoscope, zymogen Greek

Root/Stem List #15

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

15-1 tropo (turn) heliotrope, troposphere, tropism, trophy, phototropism, apogeotropism Greek

15-2 gastro (stomach) gastronomy, gastroscope, gastropod, gastrointestinal, hypogastric Greek

15-3 arthro (joint) arthritis, arthropod, arthralgia, arthroscope, arthroscopic Greek

15-4 ventri (belly) ventriloquist, ventral, ventricle, dorsoventral, ventriculus Latin

15-5 dors (back) dorsal, dorsoventral, dorsum, dorsal fin Latin

15-6 macro (large) macrobiotic, macrocephalic, macrocosm, macron, macroscopic Greek

15-7 dextro (right or clockwise) dextrose, dextral, dexterity, dexterous, dextrorotation Latin

15-8 brachy (short) brachycephalic, brachypterous, brachycranic, brachylogy Greek

15-9 brachio (arm) brachiopod, brachiation, brachiate, brachium Greek

15-10 branchio (gills) branchiopod, branchiate, branchia Greek

15-11 kin (motion) kinetic, kinescope, hypokinesia, hyperkinetic, telekinesis Greek

15-12 phylo (kind) phylum, phylogeny, phyla, phylogenesis, subphylum Greek

15-13 blasto (embryo) blastocyst, blatogenesis, erythorblast Greek

15-14 dactylo (finger) pterodactyl, dactylic, dactylology, dactylography Greek

15-15 phos (light) phosphorous, phosphene, phosphoroscope, phosphoresce Greek

15-16 gon (angle) pentagon, tetragon, decagon, hexagonal, diagonal, orthogonal Greek

15-17 lite (mineral or fossil) perlite, crolite, stalactite, halite, coprolite, antracite Greek

15-18 vore (eating) omnivore, herbivore, carnivore, voracious, devour, fructivourous Latin

15-19 holo (whole) holocaust, hologram, holometabolous, holograph, holophrastic, holistic Greek

15-20 haplo (single or simple) haploid, haplopia, haplosis, haplology Greek

15-21 opia (sight) myopia, hyperopia, hemeralopia, synopsis, diplopia, biopsy Greek

15-22 lent (full of) corpulent, virulent, turbulent, excellent, succulent, insolent, indolent Latin

15-23 ef (out) effusive, effulgent, efflux, efficacy, effeminate, effluvium, effluent Latin

15-24 ium (an element) radium, sodium, uranium, germanium, iridium, einsteinium Latin

15-25 dicho (in two parts) dichotomy, dichotomize, dichogamous, dichotomist Greek

Root/Stem List #16

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

16-1 Anglo (English) Anglophile, Anglophobe, Anglican, Anglicism, Anglo-Saxon Latin

16-2 ist (one who) artist, funambulist, feminist, anthropologist, solipsist, atheist, sophist Greek

16-3 saur (lizard) dinosaur, pterosaur, tyrannosaurus, stegosaurus, saurian, plesiosaur Greek

16-4 pithec (ape) pithecanthropus, australopithecus, dryopithecus, oreopithecus Greek

16-5 calli (beautiful) calligraphy, calliope, calisthenics, calliopsis, callithumpian Greek

16-6 austro (south) australopithecus, Australia, austral, Austronesia, austromancy Latin

16-7 cephalo (head) cephalic, cephalopod, cephalothorax, microcephalic, encephalitis Greek

16-8 chiro (hand) chiromancy, chiropody, chiropteran, chiropractor Greek

16-9 caust (burn) caustic, holocaust, cauterize, caustically, causticity Greek

16-10 terr (land) extraterrestrial, subterranean, Mediterranean, terrain, terra firma Latin

16-11 cata (down) catapult, catastrophe, catacombs, catalepsy, cataclysm, cataract Greek

16-12 jur (swear) abjure, adjure, perjure, jury, jurisdiction, jurisprudence, jurist Latin

16-13 flu (flow) confluence, fluid, influence, fluent, superfluous, effluent, fluvial Latin

16-14 here (stick) coherence, adhesive, adhere, inherent, incoherent Latin

16-15 pos (put) position, posit, deposit, superimpose, transpose, depose, imposition Latin

16-16 mund (world) mundane, transmundane, intermundane, mundanity, mundo Latin

16-17 cracy (government) autocracy, democracy, aristocracy, plutocracy, meritocracy Greek

16-18 mania (madness) kleptomania, egomania, pyromania, dipsomania, megalomania Greek

16-19 ize (make) victimize, harmonize, temporize, mobilize, fossilize, polarize, bowdlerize Greek

16-20 antho (flower) anthology, anthozoan, anthocyanin, anthophilous, anther Greek

16-21 algia (pain) neuralgia, analgesic, arthralgia, hemialgia, algometer, algophobia Greek

16-22 somn (sleep) insomnia, somniferous, somnolent, somnambulate, somniloquy Latin

16-23 quadr (four) quadruped, quadratic, quadrant, quadruplet, quadrilateral, quadriplegic Latin

16-24 err (wander) error, erratic, Knight-errant, erroneous, erratum Latin

16-25 sine (without) sinecure, sine qua non, sine die, sine prole Latin

Root/Stem List #17

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

17-1 lingu (tongue) bilingual, linguist, lingua franca, linguini, language Latin

17-2 mot (move) motor, motivation, demote, emotion, motion, promote, commotion Latin

17-3 nav (ship) navy, naval, navigate, circumnavigate, unnavigable Latin

17-4 und (wave) inundate, undulate, undulatory, undulation Latin

17-5 flect (bend) reflect, inflection, genuflect, deflect, reflection Latin

17-6 coron (crown) corona, coronation, coronary, coroner Latin

17-7 aur (gold) aura, auriferous, Aurora, auric Latin

17-8 liter (letter) literature, illiterate, preliterate, literati Latin

17-9 rat (think) rational, ratio, irrational, ratiocinate, rationalize, irate Latin

17-10 sis (condition) arteriosclerosis, osmosis, mitosis, meiosis, catharsis, symbiosis Greek

17-11 par (equal) parity, disparity, par, compare, incomparable, disparate Latin

17-12 mens (measure) commensurate, immense, incommensurable, mensurable, dimension Latin

17-13 mony (condition) acrimony, harmony, matrimony, ceremony, simony, parsimony Latin

17-14 quin (five) quintet, quintillion, quintuplet, quintuple, quintessence, quindecagon Latin

17-15 socio (society) sociology, sociable, socialism, sociopath, dissociate Latin

17-16 ovi (egg) oviducts, oviparous, ovoviviparous, ovisac, oviform, ovary, oval Latin

17-17 phasia (speech) aphasia, dysphasia, apophasis Greek

17-18 pter (wing) pterodactyl, helicopter, pterosaur, archaeopteryx, chiropteran Greek

17-19 phen (appearance) phenomenon, phenotype, phosphenes, fancy, fantasy Greek

17-20 hist (tissue) histopathology, histolysis, histology, histogenesis Greek

17-21 glott (tongue) epiglottis, polyglot, glossolalia, glottal, monoglot, glossectomy Greek

17-22 phan (appearance) phantom, epiphany, diaphanous, sycophant, cellophane, theophany Greek

17-23 peri (near/around) perimeter, perihelion, perigee, periphery, periodical Greek

17-24 pot (drink) potable, potion, potation, potatory, compote, symposium Latin

17-25 via (road) via, viaduct, trivia, via avion, obviate, obvious, via media Latin

Root/Stem List #18

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

18-1 atmo (vapor) atmosphere, atmolysis, atmometer, atmospheric, atman Greek

18-2 cardio (heart) cardiology, cardiovascular, cardiac, electrocardiogram Greek

18-3 cosmo (world/universe) cosmos, cosmopolitan, cosmonaut, cosmology, microcosm Greek

18-4 counter (against) counteract, counterproductive, counterpoint, counterinsurgence Latin

18-5 cranio (skull) craniology, intracranial, craniotomy, cranium, dolichocranic Greek

18-6 cyclo (circle) cyclone, cyclotron, bicycle, encyclopedia, recycle, cyclical Greek

18-7 gno (know) agnostic, prognosis, gnostic, Gnosticism, diagnosis, topognosia Greek

18-8 oss (bone) ossify, ossuary, ossicle, osseous, ossiferous, ossein, ossification Latin

18-9 xylo (wood) xylophone, xylograph, xyloid, xylophagous, xylose, xylotomy, xylem Greek

18-10 monger (seller) fishmonger, warmonger, costermonger, ballad monger, phrasemonger Latin

18-11 sept (seven) septangular, September, septuagenarian, septillion, Septuagint Latin

18-12 xeno (stranger) xenophobia, xenolith, xenon, xenogenesis, xenodiagnosis Greek

18-13 vas (vessel) vasoconstrictor, cardiovascular, vase, vesicle, vascular, vasectomy Latin

18-14 fore (front) forehead, foreboding, forecast, forethought, foresail, forefront Latin

18-15 ish (like) greenish, smallish, outlandish, snobbish, ghoulish, squeamish, mannish Old English

18-16 less (without) fruitless, hopeless, motherless, bootless, pointless, hapless, feckless Old English

18-17 baro (pressure) barometer, barograph, barometric, barograph, barometry Greek

18-18 ferro (iron) ferronickel, ferromagnetic, ferrous, ferric, ferrite, ferroconcrete Latin

18-19 quasi (somewhat) quasar, quasi-military, quasi-intellectual, quasi-official, quasi-judicial Latin

18-20 nesia (island) Micronesia, Polynesia, Melanesia, Austronesia Greek

18-21 lepsy (attack) narcolepsy, epilepsy, catalepsy Greek

18-22 let (little) booklet, piglet, aglet, hamlet, coverlet, omelet Latin

18-23 nano (billionth) nanosecond, nanoplankton, nanosomnia, nanogram Greek

18-24 pico (trillionth) picofarad, picosecond, picogram Italian

18-25 ideo (idea) ideograph, ideology, ideologue, ideogram, idealism Greek

Root/Stem List #19

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

19-1 ven (come) convene, convention, avenue, vent, circumvent, advent, prevent Greek

19-2 ichthy (fish) ichthyosaur, ichthyologist, ichthyoid, ichthyosis Greek

19-3 pulse (drive) impulse, repulsive, pulsate, impulsive Latin

19-4 calor (heat) calorie, calorimeter, calorific, caloric Latin

19-5 sol (sun) solar, solstice, solarium, solarize, solar plexus Latin

19-6 strat (layer) stratigraphy, stratosphere, cirrostratus, strata, substratum, stratified Latin

19-7 nuc (center) nucleus, nucleate, nuclide, nucleon, nucleotide, nucleoplasm Latin

19-8 sat (enough) satisfy, dissatisfaction, saturate, insatiable, sate Latin

19-9 protero (early) Proterozoic, proterandrous, proteranthous, proteroglyphous Greek

19-10 mont (mountain) piedmont, Montana, Montevideo, montane, cismontane Latin

19-11 kilo (thousand) kilometer, kilowatt, kiloton, kilogram Greek

19-12 myria (many) myriad, myriapod, myriameter, myriarch, myriophyllum Greek

19-13 tachy (quick) tachometer, tachycardia, tachylite, tachygraph Greek

19-14 fiss (split) fissile, fission, fissipalmate, fissiped, fissure Latin

19-15 cumu (heaped) accumulate, cumulus, cumulonimbus, cumulative Latin

19-16 meteor (high) meteorite, meteoric, meteorograph, meteorology Greek

19-17 hibern (winter) hibernate, hibernal, hibernaculum Greek

19-18 di (two) divert, diverge, diffusion, dicotyledon, Latin

19-19 bath (deep) bathymetry, bathyscaph, bathysphere, bathos, batholith Latin

19-20 cirr (hair) cirrus, cirrostratus, cirriped, cirroculus Greek

19-21 grav (heavy) gravity, gravid, gravimetric, gravamen, aggravate Latin

19-22 solv (loosen) absolve, solvent, resolve, insolvency, dissolve, solve Latin

19-23 ophthal (eye) ophthalmologist, ophthalmoscope, ophthalmic, exophthalmic Latin

19-24 oma (tumor) melanoma, carcinoma, hematoma, glaucoma Greek

19-25 rub (red) rubric, rubious, rubicund, ruby, rubescent, rubella Latin

Root/Stem List #20

Word Meaning Example Words Origin

20-1 mela (black) melanin, melanite, melancholy, Melanesia, melanoma, melanocyte Greek

20-2 vice (in place of) vice versa, vice president, vice consul, viceroy, vice-regent Latin

20-3 foll (leaf) folio, foliolate, bifoliolate, foliation, defoliate, portfolio, folium Latin

20-4 atom (vapor) atomic, atomizer, atomize, atomism, subatomic, diatomic Greek

20-5 orb (circle) orbit, orbital, exorbitant, orbicular, orbital decay, supraorbital Latin

20-6 multi (many) multifarious, multitudinous, multilateral, multiply, multifaceted Latin

20-7 ign (fire) ignite, igneous, ignis fatuus, ignition, reignite, ignescent, ignitron Latin

20-8 moll (soft) mollify, emollient, mollusk, mollescent, molluscan, molluscum Latin

20-9 lin (line) linear, delineate, lineation, lineal, rectilinear, lineage Latin

20-10 hemi (half) hemisphere, hemialgia, hemiplegia, hemipterous, hemicrania Greek

20-11 oo (egg) oophyte, oocyte, oology, oogenesis, oogonium, oophorectomy, oospore Greek

20-12 grade (step) gradual, grading, retrograde, downgrade, gradualism, degrading Latin

20-13 pneumo (lung) pneumogastric, pneumonia, pneumonectomy, pneumo bacillus Greek

20-14 radi (ray) radiation, radian, radial, radiolarian, radiance, irradiate Latin

20-15 oscu (mouth) osculum, osculation, osculant, osculate Latin

20-16 ob (against) obtuse, obstruct, obstinate, obloquy, objurgation, obsequious, obsolete Latin

20-17 vect (carry) convection, vector, invective, vectorial, advective, evections, convector Latin

20-18 digit (finger) digitation, prestidigitation, digital, digitalins, digitalize, digitoxins Latin

20-19 gymno (naked) gymnasium, gymnastics, gymnosophist, gymnoplast, gymnopedie Greek

20-20 plasm (form) cytoplasm, endoplasm, ectoplasm, plasma, plasmodium Greek

20-21 narco (sleep) narcotic, narcolepsy, narcotine, narcotism, narcosis, narcomania Greek

20-22 vermi (worm) vermin, vermicelli, vermicide, vermivorous, vermiculate, vermiculite Latin

20-23 lign (wood) lignite, lignify, ligneous, lignocellulose, lignicolous, lignaloes Latin

20-24 dendr (tree) dendrology, dendroid, dendrochronology, dendrite, rhododendron Greek

20-25 lachry (tear) lachrymose, lachrymatory, lachrymal, lachrymation, lachrymist Latin