History notes:

1. Charles II



  • Became King of England in 1660.


  • Owed his supporters for restoring him to the crown; he had no money, but lots of land.


  • Gave large land territories to eight loyal supporters around the 1660s.


2. Royalist



  • Supporters of the monarchy who restored royal power to Charles II in 1660.


3. Charter of 1663



  • Named "The Royal Charter of 1663," this gave the Lord Proprietors huge tracts of land from the King in 1663.


4. Lord Proprietors



  • The eight loyal supporters given land territories by King Charles II.


  • Consisted of: Lord John Berkeley, Sir William Berkeley, Sir John Carteret, Sir John Colleton, Anthony Ashley Cooper, William Craven, Edward Hyde, and George Monck.


5. English arrive to Charles Towne



  • The English attempted settlement in present-day South Carolina around the 1660s.


  • Landed in 1670 near Charles Towne Landing in West Ashley with a total of 150 people.


6. The Carolina



  • The first ship to land in present-day Charleston in 1670.


7. The Port Royal



  • One of the two ships that followed The Carolina carrying the initial 150 settlers.


8. The Albemarle



  • The other ship that followed The Carolina carrying the initial 150 settlers.


9. William Sayle



  • The first Governor of Charles Towne.


10. Ashley + Cooper Rivers



  • The two rivers surrounding "Oyster Point," where the new town location sat.


11. Oyster Point



  • The favorable spot where Charles Towne was re-founded in 1680, which is where Charleston remains today.


12. The Walled City



  • Present-day Charleston was the only English walled-city settlement in North America.


  • It was a walled city from 1690–1720, providing protection for the new settlement.


13. Bastion



  • A part of a fortification built at an angle for protection.


  • Charles Towne had 9 bastions.


14. Fundamental Constitution of Carolina



  • The rules and laws governing the new colony, established because Proprietors believed power came from owning land.


15. John Locke & Anthony Ashley Cooper



  • Main creators of The Fundamental Constitution of Carolina.


  • John Locke was one of the most important political thinkers in English history.


16. Leadership of the Colony



  • The Proprietors held top leadership, followed by large landowners and the rich.


  • These groups made and enforced the laws.


17. Diverse Population & Huguenots (French)



  • Settlers came from many countries: English, French, Germans, Irish, and the Caribbean.


  • French settlers were called Huguenots, who brought skills and work ethics that helped the colony prosper.


18. Carolina Colony Economy



  • South Carolina was a very wealthy colony whose economic growth relied on trade with Native Americans.


  • The slave trade included both African Americans and Native Americans.


19. Rice (Carolina Gold)



  • Known as "Carolina Gold," rice became the colony's biggest cash crop.


  • It was labor-intensive, grew only near the coast, and relied on the prior knowledge of growing rice brought by African slaves.


20. Indigo & Eliza Lucas Pinckney



  • Eliza Lucas Pinckney studied botany after taking over her father's plantation in the mid-1700s.


  • She used seeds sent from the West Indies to create high-quality, expensive blue dye, turning indigo into another SC cash crop.