APAH UNIT 6 VOCABULARY TEST | 23-24 | REN

  1. Abbey: buildings occupied by a community of monks or nuns
  2. Ambulatory: passageway around the apse or altar of a church
  3. Andachtsbild: German Christian devotional image designed as aids for prayer or contemplation (i.e. Röttgen Pieta)
  4. Animal style: medieval art form in which animals are depicted in a stylized and often complicated pattern
  5. Apocalypse: last book of the Christian bible, sometimes called revelations, which details God’s destruction of evil and consequent rising to heaven of the righteous
  6. Apse: rounded end of a building, often in a basilica
  7. Apsidial chapels/ Apsidioles:  rooms projecting from the ambulatory of a Christian church
  8. Arcade: series of arches supported by columns, piers, or pillars
  9. Archivolt: series of concentric moldings around an arch
  10. Axial plan: design where parts of a building are organized longitudinally, or along a given axis, i.e: basilica
  11. Baptistery: building next to a church, part of a church, or vessel used for baptism
  12. Basilica plan: building with a central nave, side aisle(s), and a semicircular apse
  13. Bay: vertical segments of a building that are repeated several times
  14. Campanile: freestanding Italian bell tower
  15. Cathedral:  church building where a Christian bishop has his official seat; cathedra is Latin for chair
  16. Chasing: to ornament metal by indenting into a surface with a hammer
  17. Chevet: eastern end of a church, especially of a Gothic church, including the choir, ambulatory and radiating chapels
  18. Choir: area of the church between a transept and main apse
  19. Clerestory: upper part of a wall containing windows
  20. Cloisonné: enamelwork in which colored areas are separated by thin bands of metal, usually gold or bronze Codex (plural: codices): pages held together by stitching, the earliest form of book
  21. Colophon: inscription at the end of a manuscript containing relevant information on its publication
  22. Composite pier: vertical support composed of more than one shaft including half-columns or pilasters attached to it
  23. Continuous narrative: story where multiple scenes are portrayed in a single frame without dividers
  24. Embroidery: woven product in which the design is stitched into premade fabric
  25. Flying buttress: masonry arch extending from the outside of a building supporting the walls of a Gothic church
  26. Fresco: painting in watercolor on wet plaster (buon fresco = wet, fresco secco is painted on dry plaster)
  27. Gable: triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches
  28. Giornata: Italian for "a day's work," used in buon fresco painting to describe how much can be done in a single day
  29. Gold leaf: gold that has been hammered into thin sheets by goldbeating and is often used for gilding
  30. Gospels: first four books of New Testament that chronicle the life of Jesus
  31. Grisaille: method of painting in gray monochrome in order to imitate sculpture
  32. Groin vault: intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults
  33. Haggadah (plural: Haggadot): book containing the liturgy for the Seder service on the Jewish festival of Passover
  34. Hammerbeam: a series of short wooden horizontal beams, curved support beams, and wooden struts that support the weight of the roof (used in Westminster Hall)
  35. Horror vacui: (Latin: "fear of empty spaces") artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects in a crowded way
  36. Humanism: Renaissance movement that rejected medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought
  37. Jamb: the vertical portion of the door frame onto which a door is secured
  38. Lamentation: expression of grief over the dead body of Jesus
  39. Lancet: tall, narrow window with a pointed arch at its top, a typical feature of a Gothic church
  40. Last Judgment: day following Armageddon when God decides fates according to the good and evil of people’s lives
  41. Longitudinal plan: a building that is longer than it is wide (opposed to a central plan); see basilica plan
  42. Mandorla: almond-shaped halo surrounding the entire figure
  43. Maniera Greca: Italian for Greek manner, style of painting based on Byzantine models
  44. Manuscript: book written by hand rather than typed or printed
  45. Monastery: place of residence occupied by a community of monks living in seclusion
  46. Moralized Bible: Illuminated manuscripts designed for the personal use of the French royal family containing text of the Bible along with commentary and illustrations that emphasize its moral significance
  47. Narthex: portico or lobby of a Christian church
  48. Ogee arch: pointed arch having an S-shaped curve on both sides
  49. Parchment: thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal used as a writing surface
  50. Passover: Jewish festival that commemorates the exodus of Jews from Egypt and is marked chiefly by the Seder ritual
  51. Pietá: Italian name for an image of the Virgin Mary holding the dead body of Jesus Christ (Vesperbild in German)
  52. Pilgrimage plan church: space w/ ambulatories & aisles to accommodate travelers venerating relics
  53. Pinnacle: pointed decoration on the roof of a building
  54. Portal: grand entrance to an important structure
  55. Portico: entranceway into a building or enclosed courtyard
  56. Reliquary: vessel for holding a sacred object
  57. Rib vault: feature of Gothic architecture; groin vaults edged supported by an armature of piped masonry
  58. Rose window: Large circular window in a Gothic church filled with stained glass and divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery
  59. Scriptorium (plural: scriptoria): place in a monastery where monks wrote manuscripts
  60. Seder: ceremonial dinner that commemorates the Jewish Exodus from Egypt and includes reading the Haggadah and eating symbolic foods
  61. Spire or steeple: tall pointed structure on top of the tower of a church
  62. Springing: point at which an arch or vault begins to curve
  63. Stained glass: technique in which small pieces of glass colored by metallic salts are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together by strips of lead; associated with Gothic church architecture
  64. Tapestry: textile fabric with pictures or designs formed by weaving colored weft threads
  65. Tempera: painting medium of powdered pigments, egg yolk and water
  66. Tracery: stonework that support the glass in a Gothic window
  67. Transverse arch: Supporting projection which runs across top of a barrel vault from side to side in a Romanesque church
  68. Trecento: cultural and artistic events of Italy during the period 1300 to 1399
  69. Tribune: upper story over the aisle of a church which opens onto the nave or choir (see gallery)
  70. Triforium: gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church
  71. Trumeau: pillar dividing a large doorway in a church
  72. Turret: small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle
  73. Tympanum: semi-circular decorative wall surface over an entrance
  74. Typology: Christian form of biblical interpretation that identifies foreshadowing for New Testament events and people, including Jesus, in the Old Testament
  75. Voussoir: one of the wedge-shaped pieces forming an arch or vault
  76. Westwork: monumental, west-facing entrance of a medieval church
  77. Zoomorphic: having elements of animal shapes