Properties of Waves and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic radiation is energy transmitted through space as periodic oscillations of electric and magnetic fields.
All forms of electromagnetic radiation—microwaves, visible light, or gamma rays—travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.
The speed of light is a fundamental physical constant valued at $2.99792458 \times 10\,m/s$ (approximately $3.00 \times 10\,m/s$ ).

Wave: A periodic oscillation that transmits energy through space.
Wavelength ( $\lambda$ ): The distance between two corresponding points in a wave, such as the midpoints of two peaks or two troughs. Units are typically meters ( $m$ ).
Frequency: The number of oscillations that pass a particular point in a given period of time. Units are per second ( $1/s = s^{-1}$ ) or hertz ( $Hz$ ).
Tommy Turtle and Ron Rabbit: Tommy Turtle represents a slow frequency with large wavelengths, while Ron Rabbit represents a fast frequency with small (short) wavelengths.

Frequency and Wavelength: Indirectly (inversely) proportional. As frequency increases, wavelength decreases.
Frequency and Energy: Directly proportional. As frequency increases, energy increases.

Energy (Least to Most Energetic): Radio, Infrared (IR), Green Visible, Blue visible, Ultraviolet (UV), X-Ray.
Wavelength (Longest to Shortest): Microwave, Red Vis, UV, Gamma Ray.

Question: Why can you see lightning before you hear thunder?
Response: Light travels at the speed of light ( $3.00 \times 10\,m/s$ ), which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound.

Elements and Symbols: Potassium ( $39.098$ ), Calcium ( $40.078$ ), Scandium ( $44.956$ ), Titanium ( $47.867$ ), Vanadium ( $50.942$ ), Chromis ( $51.996$ ), Rubidium ( $85.468$ ), Strontium ( $87.62$ ), Yttrium ( $88.906$ ), Zirconium ( $91.224$ ), Niobium ( $92.906$ ), Molybdenum ( $95.94$ ), Cesium ( $132.0$ ), Cesis, Tungsten ( $183.84$ ), Rhoni, Rhenium ( $186.2$ ), Tantalum, Bohrium ( $262$ ), ohrium, Bh, Hassi ( $265$ ), Nd (Neodymium, $144.24$ ), Pm (Promethium, $145$ ), Samar ( $150.36$ ), Np (Neptunium, $237$ ), Pu (Plutonium, $244$ ).
Other Identifiers: Tommy Turtle, Ron Rabbit, Simoj, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.