Gender Quotas
reserved seats- some # of seats of a legislative body are reserved for a gender
ex. rowanda reserves 24 of 80 seats for women
legislative candidate quotas- parties must put up some # of candidates of a certain gender
ex. mexican political parties must guarantee that at least 50% of candidates are women
political party quotas- parties must put up some # of candidates of a certain gender, but the quota amounts are self-imposed
ex. south africa, the ANC set rules for their party that at least 50% of their candidates are women
as of now, women make up 27.2% of parliaments worldwide
most of these come from nordic countries, the Americas, Europe, and Sub-saharan africa
Gender Quota Pros
helps ease discrimination/levels the playing field
helps eliminate bias
provides more representation
Gender Quota Cons
can undermine womens education/skills/qualifications
can take away the voters right to completely and fully elect people
since more quotas are established, violence against female politicians has risen
Other possible quotas
ethnic/national minorities (Croatia)
religious minorities (Iran)
expatriates (Italy)
aboriginal papels (NZ)
women AND religious/national minorities (Jordan)