Week 7: The Internet and the World Wide Web Summary Notes

Introduction to the Internet and World Wide Web

The Internet is a vast network of computers linked through dedicated routes and servers enabling the exchange of information such as emails and videos. It functions as a global communication highway, facilitating real-time interactions.

Brief History of the Internet

Originating in the 1960s with ARPANET, developed by the US Department of Defense for collaborative research, the Internet has evolved significantly. The term "Internet" emerged as ARPANET's capabilities expanded.

Internet today

As of early 2018, there were approximately 4 billion Internet users worldwide. The primary function of the Internet is to transfer various forms of data such as text, images, and audio efficiently.

Data Transmission

Data travels via wired and wireless media using two primary methods: circuit switching (a dedicated connection) and packet switching (data is broken into packets and routed independently). Each method has its advantages and disadvantages regarding efficiency and reliability.

Client-Server Model

Servers act as storage units, responding to requests from client devices, such as computers and smartphones, which seek information. Various servers serve specific functions: file storage, web services, email, and printing.

World Wide Web Fundamentals

HTML is used for creating web pages, while HTTP governs the exchange of web information. URLs serve as specific website addresses. Web administrators maintain website content, with search engines and directories facilitating information retrieval.