One Hundred Percent American

Introduction to Ralph Linton's Concept of Americanism

  • The article reflects on the misconceptions regarding American cultural identity.

  • Emphasizes that cultural borrowing and assimilation is reciprocal, not unilateral.

The Misconception of Cultural Superiority

  • Americans often view the exchange of cultural practices and technology as a one-way street, where others adopt American customs.

  • Linton argues that this viewpoint disregards the numerous influences that have shaped American culture from diverse origins.

Examples of Cultural Borrowing

## Household Objects and Practices

  • Glass: Originally invented by ancient Egyptians.

  • Glazed Tiles: Used for flooring and wall decoration, introduced from the Near East.

  • Porcelain: Originated in China.

  • Enameling on Metal: A craft developed by Mediterranean artisans during the Bronze Age.

  • Bathtubs and Toilets: Based on designs from Persian and Asia Minor cultures.

  • Soap: Invented by the ancient Gauls.

    Clothing and Personal Grooming

  • Pajamas: A garment of East Indian origin; suggests cultural amnesia regarding one's attire.

  • Close-fitting tailored garments: Derived from skin clothing of ancient nomads from the Asiatic steppes.

  • Buttons: Prototypes traceable to Europe from the end of the Stone Age.

  • Footwear: Stiff covering fashioned from techniques developed in ancient Egypt, patterned after Greek styles.

  • Shaving: A grooming ritual inferred from practices established by Scandinavian priests.

  • Clock: A medieval European invention that indicates time management.

  • Turkish Towels: Now part of the American bathroom experience.

Breakfast and Culinary Practices

  • The breakfast table presents a plethora of foreign influences:

  • Pottery vessels: Commonly referred to as "china," indicating Asian origin.

  • Fork and Spoon: The fork is a medieval Italian invention; the spoon is derived from Roman designs.

  • Coffee: Originates from an Abyssinian plant, introduced by Arabs; typically sweetened with sugar (discovered in India).

  • Cream: The milking technique hails from Asia Minor.

  • American Breakfast Components:

    • Fruits: Orange (Mediterranean), cantaloupe (Persia), grapes (Asia Minor).

    • Cereal: Made from grains cultivated in the Near East.

    • Waffles: A Scandinavian innovation, served with butter (initially a Near-Eastern cosmetic).

    • Eggs or Meat: Sourced from birds and animals domesticated in Southeastern Asia, prepared using Northern European methods of salting and smoking.

Attire and Accessories for Daily Life

  • Headgear: Molding felt from Eastern Asian nomads.

  • Outer shoes: Made from rubber, discovered by the ancient Mexicans.

  • Umbrella: A practical object invented in India.

Daily Commute and Cultural Influences

  • The American hurries to the train, which is an English invention.

  • Newspapers: Purchased with coins from ancient Lydia.

  • Cigarettes and Cigars: Inventions from Mexico and Brazil, respectively.

  • Reading Material: News printed using characters from ancient Semites, applying German processes onto materials from China.

Reflections on Cultural Identity

  • As the American navigates their day, they subconsciously embody a hybrid of influences from various cultures while professing a singular American identity.

  • Personal Realization: This exploration invokes a broader reflection on the nature of Americanism, intertwined with acknowledgments of its diverse roots.