Models used in Occupational Therapy

  • Sensory integration model:

  - Developed by A. Jean Ayres

  - Focuses on how the nervous system processes sensory information

  - Helps individuals with sensory processing disorder (SPD)

  • Occupational Performance Model::
    • Developed by Mary Reilly
    • Focuses on the individual's ability to perform tasks related to their occupation
    • Looks at the person, the environment, and the task
  • Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)::
    • Developed by Gary Kielhofner
    • Looks at the person, the occupation, and the performance skills
    • Helps to identify the person's goals, patterns of occupation, and performance skills
  • Person-Environment-Occupation Model (PEO)::
    • Developed by Christina Bontje
    • Looks at the relationship between the person, the environment, and the occupation
    • Helps to identify the barriers and facilitators to participation

The Canadian Model of Occupational Performance (CMOP)::

- Developed by Wilma Millar and colleagues

- Looks at the person, the occupation, and the performance context

- Helps to identify the person's goals, patterns of occupation, and performance skills and context

  • Life Participation Approach to Occupational Therapy (LPOT)::
    • Developed by Helen Copley and Barbara Schell
    • Focuses on the person's ability to engage in occupations of their choice
    • Looks at the person's ability to participate in their life roles and activities, not just job or task-related activities
  • The Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model (OTIPM)::
    • Developed by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)
    • Provides a framework for the occupational therapy process by outlining the key components of assessment, intervention, and evaluation
    • Helps therapists to plan and implement interventions that are client-centered, evidence-based and occupation-focused.

Motor Control Model::

- Developed by Charles Taub

- Focuses on the individual's ability to control movements in order to perform tasks

  • The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST)::
    • Developed by Gary Kielhofner and colleagues
    • A tool used to identify potential barriers to engagement in occupations
  • The Occupational Adaptation Model::
    • Developed by Margaret Christle and colleagues
    • Focuses on the person's ability to adapt to changes in their environment and occupation
  • The Occupational Therapy Practice Framework::
    • Developed by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)
    • Provides a comprehensive guide for occupational therapy practice, including assessment, intervention, and evaluation
  • The Occupational Performance Process Model::
    • Developed by Mary Ann McColl and colleagues
    • Looks at the person, the environment, and the task and focuses on the process of occupational performance

The Occupational Self-Care deficit Model::

- Developed by Mary Ann McColl and colleagues

- Focuses on the individual's ability to engage in self-care activities and identify any deficits

  • The Occupational Performance Coaching Model::
    • Developed by Mary Law and colleagues
    • Looks at the person, the occupation, and the performance context and focuses on the process of coaching to improve performance
  • The Occupational Performance Analysis Model::
    • Developed by Susan K. Hinojosa
    • Focuses on analyzing the components of a task in order to improve performance
  • The Occupational Balance Model::
    • Developed by Christina Bontje and colleagues
    • Looks at the balance between the person's physical, mental, and social well-being and their ability to engage in occupations
  • The Occupational Justice Model::
    • Developed by Christina Bontje and colleagues
    • Focuses on the individual's right to engage in occupations of their choice and the impact of societal factors on that right

The Participation and Environment Model::

- Developed by Christina Bontje and colleagues

- Looks at the relationship between the person, the environment, and participation in occupations

  • The Occupational Science Framework::
    • Developed by Susan K. Hinojosa and colleagues
    • Provides a theoretical framework for understanding occupation and its role in human life
  • The Occupational Therapy Process Model::
    • Developed by Susan K. Hinojosa and colleagues
    • Provides a step-by-step guide for occupational therapy practice, including assessment, intervention, and evaluation