Road Traffic Signs and Regulations in the Netherlands Summary

General Hazard (Article 5): Road users are prohibited from causing hazards or potential hazards on public highways or obstructing other users.
Accidents (Article 6): Behavior that leads to accidents causing death or serious physical injury is strictly forbidden.
Leaving the Scene (Article 7): Leaving the site of an accident is an offence unless identities of parties and vehicles have been established and no injured persons are left without treatment.

General Limit: Operation of a motor vehicle is prohibited if breath alcohol exceeds $220\,\mu g/l$ or blood alcohol exceeds $0.5\,mg/ml$ .
New Drivers/Mopeds: For licenses issued on or after 20 March 2002 (if held for less than five or seven years respectively), the limits are reduced to $88\,\mu g/l$ breath or $0.2\,mg/ml$ blood.
Substance Influence: Driving is forbidden under the influence of any substance that compromises driving ability.

General Rule: Drivers must stay as far to the right as possible. Cyclists may ride two abreast except for motor-assisted bicycles.
Pedestrians: Primary use of pavements and footpaths is required; otherwise, cycle tracks or road edges may be used.
Overtaking Direction: Overtaking must occur on the left. Exceptions include overtaking left-turning vehicles on the right, cyclists overtaking other cyclists on the left but others on the right, and trams which may be overtaken on the right.
Prohibitions: Overtaking is forbidden immediately before or on pedestrian crossings.

Priority at Junctions: Drivers must give priority to traffic from the right, except when on unpaved roads (must yield to paved) or when facing a tram (all yield to trams).
Level Crossings: Priority must be given to rail vehicles; road users must only enter if the crossing can be cleared completely.
Pedestrian Priority: Drivers must yield to blind persons with white canes (with red rings) and disabled persons. Yielding is required for pedestrians crossing or waiting to cross at designated crossings.
Emergency Vehicles: Priority must be given to emergency vehicles using blue sirens and two-tone horns.

Built-up Areas: $50\,km/h$ for motor vehicles; $30\,km/h$ for mopeds/disabled vehicles on cycle tracks and $45\,km/h$ on roads.
Outside Built-up Areas: $120\,km/h$ on motorways ( $G1$ ), $100\,km/h$ on main roads ( $G3$ ), and $80\,km/h$ on other roads.
Special Speed Limits:
- Motor vehicles with trailers ( $\le 3500\,kg$ ) on motorways/main highways: $90\,km/h$ .
- Trucks and buses (not $T100$ ): $80\,km/h$ .
- $T100$ buses: $100\,km/h$ .
- Motor-assisted bicycles and agricultural tractors: $25\,km/h$ .
- Disabled vehicles on pavements: $6\,km/h$ .

Prohibited Waiting: Not allowed at junctions, level crossings, cycle tracks, tunnels, or within $12\,m$ of a bus stop (unless simple boarding/alighting).
Prohibited Parking: Forbidden within $5\,m$ of junctions, in front of entrances/exits, on the carriageway of major roads outside built-up areas, and on continuous yellow lines.
Blue Zones: Parking requires a manually set parking disk displayed behind the windscreen; arrival time may be rounded up to the next half hour.
Bicycles/Mopeds: May be parked on pavements, footpaths, or road sides unless indicated otherwise.

Visibility Requirements: Dimmed lights must be used at night and during the day if visibility is seriously restricted. Fog lamps are permitted when visibility is seriously restricted by fog, snow, or rain; rear fog lamps require visibility below $50\,m$ .
Cyclist Lighting: Must have a white/yellow front light and red rear light at night or in low visibility.
Signal Restrictions: Horns and headlamp flashes are permitted only to warn of emergency situations.
Warning Triangles: Must be placed approximately $30\,m$ from stationary vehicles if they cause a hazard, unless hazard lights are used.

Access Requirements: Minimum vehicle capability of $60\,km/h$ for motorways and $50\,km/h$ for main highways.
Prohibitions: U-turns, reversing, and stopping on the carriageway are forbidden. Use of the hard shoulder is for emergencies only.
Lane Usage: Vehicles combination length over $7\,m$ or goods vehicles must use the two innermost right-hand lanes on three-lane (or more) motorways.

Seat Belts: Mandatory for all occupants. Children under $18$ years and shorter than $1.35\,m$ must use an approved child safety system.
Helmets: Mandatory for riders and pillion riders of motorcycles, mopeds, and microcars without enclosed compartments. Not required for motor-assisted bicycles ( $25\,km/h$ ).
Mobile Phones: It is forbidden to hold a mobile phone while driving a motor vehicle, moped, or motorized disabled vehicle.

Precedence: Instructions from authorized personnel take precedence over road signs and regulations. Traffic lights take precedence over priority road signs. Signs take precedence over general traffic rules.