Sprint 1.1 1.2 & 1.3 for EOT1 ♡

Sprint 1.1:

Facial recognition system

Hardware level

  • Special cameras like Stereo or Time of Flight

  • Designed to measure the 3D structure of your face

System software level

  • Processes the facial data captured by the cameras and identifies key features

  • Converts given information into a unique set of numbers called a face print

  • Manages a dataset of face prints and compares them to each other

Application software level

  • Where the facial recognition application interacts with the user

  • The user uses a display interface to interact with the system

  • The user has to place the phone in front of their face

  • All the complexities of the facial recognition system hide behind the user interface

Vehicle monitoring system

Hardware level

It consists of numerous sensors, actuators, and communication devices, like the following:

  • Speed sensor

  • Parking sensor

  • Rain sensor

  • Temperature sensor

  • Seat belt sensor

  • Accelerometer sensor

  • Fuel level sensor

  • Crash sensor

System software level

It’s responsible for processing and analyzing the data received from the hardware components, and consists of the following:

  • Anti-lock breaking system

  • Navigation system

  • Airbag control system

Application software level

  • Where the user interacts with the vehicle monitoring system

  • It can issue notifications or alerts if a problem is detected

Sprint 1.2:

Equity bias

Causes for inequality

  • Lack of access to the internet

  • Low levels of education

  • Remote locations

  • Biased algorithms

Things impacted by inequality

  • Education

  • Business

  • Healthcare

  • Economic growth

Ways to bring technological equality

  • Promoting human rights

  • Social justice

  • Sustainable development

Impacts of inequality

Major impacts of inequality

  • Digital divide

  • Limited upskilling

  • Increased vulnerability

  • Limited healthcare access

  • Bias against disabled groups

Technological accessibility

Reasons why it’s critical

  • Independence

  • Improved quality of life

  • Innovation

  • Social and economic growth

  • Bridging economic gaps

  • Cost savings

  • Emergency response

Steps to be taken to achieve equality

  • Make technology affordable and accessible

  • Expand connectivity options

  • Promote digital literacy

  • Design inclusive products

  • Ensure fair, unbiased algorithms

Sprint 1.3:

Computer networks

How do they work?

To access a website, you type its URL (ex. leenieweenie.com) and press Enter. Your device sends a request to the router over Wi-Fi. The router doesn't know the website's IP address, so it asks a DNS resolver. The resolver finds the IP address and sends it back to the router.

The router then connects to the server hosting the website. The server receives the request and generates a response by fetching the requested resource. The response is sent back to your device through the router.

In a network, devices communicate using protocols. The protocol used here is TCP.

Then your server sends back an HTML (The web page) response to your router. Your router receives that response and transfers it to your local Wi-Fi network or Local Area Network (LAN) and device.

Your web browser parses the HTML code in the response and displays the webpage!

Internet

The internet is a global network connecting millions of computers and electronic devices, enabling communication and data sharing. It is decentralized, with no single controlling entity, and operates through common protocols. High-speed cables form the backbone, carrying data between hubs and across oceans. Internet access is provided by ISPs, who transmit data in packets to different networks. Devices on other networks are identified and accessed using IP addresses.

Network topology

Ring topology

Advantages:

  • Straightforward layout with minimal cabling.

  • Chances of collision are less as packets flow in one direction only.

Disadvantages:

  • A fault in one node will lead to the shutdown of the entire network.

  • The network temporarily shuts down while a new node is being added.

Star topology

Advantages:

  • The failure of one node will not affect others.

  • It is easier to add or remove nodes.

  • Fault detection and correction is easier as compared to other topologies.

Disadvantages:

  • Failure of the central device will lead to the shutting down of the entire network.

  • Installation and maintenance cost is high, as more cabling is required.

  • The burden on the central device could increase in a large network, leading to network slowdown.

Bus topology

Advantages:

  • Less cabling is required, and hence it is cost-effective.

  • Easy to setup and manage.

Disadvantages:

  • The entire network is affected in case of a fault in the main cable.

  • It is not suitable for large networks.

Tree topology

Advantages:

  • Easy to manage and maintain.

  • Individual nodes can be added easily.

  • Hierarchy simplifies troubleshooting.

  • Fault detection and correction are easy.

Disadvantages:

  • Faults in the central node will impact the entire network.

  • Comparatively, more cabling is required.

Mesh topology

Advantages:

  • High fault tolerance as each node is connected to multiple nodes.

  • Additional nodes can be added without interrupting the network.

  • The network will not shut down if one node fails.

  • More than one path is available for data transfer.

Disadvantages:

  • Point-to-point connection increases complexity.

  • Network planning is difficult because of too much cabling.

  • Comparatively, more cabling is required and hence it is expensive to set up.

  • Fault detection is difficult.

Hybrid topology

Advantages:

  • It is customizable to meet specific needs.

  • It combines the benefits of multiple topologies.

  • It is scalable as it can easily integrate new nodes or topologies to expand the network.

  • Error detection and troubleshooting are easy

Disadvantages:

  • It is complex to implement and manage due to the integration of multiple topologies.

  • It is expensive as the combination of different topologies results in increased cabling and hardware