valencies
Appendix 2
Students should be able to recognise and write the formula of the following ions and molecules:
Ion name | Formula |
| Ion name | Formula |
ammonium |
| bromide | ||
caesium |
| chloride | ||
hydrogen |
| cyanide | ||
lithium |
| dihydrogenphosphate | ||
potassium |
| ethanoate (acetate) | ||
rubidium |
| fluoride | ||
silver |
| hydrogencarbonate | ||
sodium |
| hydrogensulfate | ||
barium |
| hydroxide | ||
calcium |
| iodide | ||
cobalt(II) |
| nitrate | ||
copper(II) |
| nitrite | ||
iron(II) |
| permanganate | ||
lead(II) |
| carbonate | ||
magnesium |
| chromate | ||
manganese(II) |
| dichromate | ||
nickel(II) |
| hydrogenphosphate | ||
strontium |
| oxalate | ||
zinc |
| oxide | ||
aluminium |
| sulfate | ||
chromium(III) |
| sulfide | ||
iron(III) |
| sulfite | ||
|
|
| nitride | |
|
|
| phosphate |
Common molecules that have non-systematic names:
Molecule name | Formula |
ammonia | |
water | O |
hydrogen peroxide | |
ethanoic acid | |
hydrochloric acid | |
nitric acid | |
carbonic acid | |
sulfuric acid | |
sulfurous acid | |
phosphoric acid |
Table 1 |
Symbols and names of monoatomic ions.
1+ |
| 2+ |
| 3+ |
| 4+ |
|
|
|
| + |
|
|
tin(IV) |
Sn4+ |
1- |
|
hydride |
H- |
Table 2 |
Formulae and names of polyatomic ions.
1- |
| 2- |
| 3- |
|
|
|
|
| ||
1+ |
| 2+ |
|
|
|
ammonium |
NH4+ |
mercury(I) |
Hg22+ |
|
|
Table 3 |
Formulae and names of molecular substances
Elements Compounds
hydrogen H2 carbon monoxide CO
nitrogen N2 carbon dioxide CO2
oxygen O2 sulfur dioxide SO2
fluorine F2 sulfur trioxide SO3
chlorine Cl2 hydrogen sulfide H2S
bromine Br2 hydrogen fluoride HF
iodine I2 hydrogen chloride HCl
phosphorus P4 hydrogen bromide HBr
sulfur S8 hydrogen iodide HI
nitrogen monoxide NO (nitric oxide)
nitrogen dioxide NO2
dinitrogen monoxide N2O (nitrous oxide)
dinitrogen tetraoxide N2O4
hypochlorous acid HClO