Respiratory System

22.1, 22.3, 22.4, 22.5, 22.6

The respiratory system can be divided into the conducting zone and the respiratory zone

The Conducting Zone

The conducting zone includes the organs and structures of the respiratory system that are not directly involved in gas exchange

Functions:

• Provide a route for incoming and outgoing air

• Remove debris and pathogens from incoming air

• Warm and humidify incoming air

• Sensing odors

• Bronchial epithelium can metabolize some airborne carcinogens

The Nose and its Adjacent Structures

The external nose consists of the surface and skeletal structures that result in the outward appearance of the nose and contribute to its numerous functions

• The root is the region of the nose between the eyebrows

• The bridge is the part of the nose that connects the root to the rest of the nose

• The dorsum nasi is the length of the nose

• The apex is the tip of the nose

• An ala is a cartilaginous structure that forms the lateral side of each naris, or nostril opening

• The philtrum is the concave surface that connects the apex of the nose to the upper lip

• While the protruding portion of the nose is composed of cartilage, `