Electronegativity review
The attractive face on electrons by atoms
-increases when the positive nucleus of atoms can get closer to the other electrons
☆ Bond type determination
-metal and a nonmetal form ionic bond
-two nonmetals form covalent bonds
☆ electronegativity differences to show the type of bond
• ionic bonds have a differential of 1.8 - 4.0
• covalent bonds have a differential of 0.0 - 1.8
- nonpolar covalent bonds - 0.0 - 0.4
- polar covalent bonds - 0.4 - 1.8
☆ polar v.s nonpolar
-A polar bond means there's little enough of an overall difference in electron activity so that there is a positive and a negative side to a covalent bond
- δ+(Delta positive) where electrons move away from
- δ-(Delta negative) the side where electrons move closer to
•a nonpolar bond is when the electronegativity difference between both atoms is 0 or close enough to zero that the electrons are shared equally within the bond
•both are covalent bonds
Bond polarity
-Determined by electronegativity difference
-Between two atoms only
0.0-0.4 NPC
0.4-1.8 PC
1.8-40 Ionic
Molecular Polarity
Symmetrical-Nonpolar
Symmetrical- Polar